期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2014年 15卷 5期
关键词：特色桑资源；ITS；TrnL-F；rps16；长度；G C含量；变异位点；亲缘关系；
Keywords:characteristic mulberry resources, ITS, TrnL-F, rps16, lengths, G+C content, genetic distance, genetic relationship,
摘 要 ：为了更好地开发利用特色桑树品种，分析了龙桑、龙须桑等12个特色桑资源ITS，TrnL~F，rps16碱基序列长度、G+C含量、遗传距离、亲缘关系。结果，ITS间区（包括5.8S）全长，576~590 bp，G+C%，59.38~60.17；TrnL~F间区（包括TrnL内含子），920~923 bp，G+C%，34.02~34.24，rps16内含子，929~947 bp，G+C%，32.51~33.26。剑持（高抗优质桑）、咸丰长穗桑（果桑）、钦州长果桑（果桑）及小官桑（高抗优质桑）、神农华桑雌（木材桑）与其它桑属材料的遗传距离分别为0.2~0.3，0.1~0.4，0.1~0.2，0.0~0.3。龙桑（园林桑）、斯里兰卡1号（一步成园桑）、雅安白桑（果桑）、新疆白桑（药材桑）、广东桑大十（果桑）龙须桑（园林桑）、湖北蒙桑4号(生态桑) 与其它桑属材料之间遗传距离很近，大部分遗传距离为0。mrbayes分析，分支图树长191，一致性指数（CI）0.9895，保持性指数（RI）0.9429，调整后的一致性指数（RC）0.9330。比对序列全长2516 bp，2330个不变位点，171个变异非信息位点，15个信息位点。分支图首先将外类群构树分出，同时新疆黑桑分出。将咸丰长穗桑、利川长穗桑单独分出。也将钦州长果桑（果桑）单独分出。将川桑、华桑、奶桑、神农架华桑雌（木材桑）、毛叶奶桑单独分一支。广东“大十”（果桑）、四川白桑（果桑）分为一支。斯里兰卡桑1号（一步成园桑）、湖北蒙桑4号（生态桑）、龙桑（园林桑）、新疆白桑（药材桑）分为一支。最后分出龙须桑（园林桑）、剑持（高抗优质桑）、小冠桑（高抗优质桑）。ITS，TrnL~F，rps16三片段分析桑属的系统进化，信息位点不足，可先用这三个片段分析，确定亲缘关系初略框架，再选用其它方法细分。
Abstract:In order to develop and use the characteristic of mulberry varieties, twelve mulberry varieties were analyzed on genetic relationship and other three parameters, such as ITS, TrnL-F, rps16 nucleotide sequence length, G+C content and genetic distance. The tested mulberry varieties were Long sang, Long xu sang, Jian chi (high quality of mulberry), Xian feng chang sui sang (Guo sang), Qin zhou chang guo sang (Guo sang), Xiao guan sang (high quality of mulberry), Shen nong hua sang♀(Mu cai sang), Sri Lanka NO.1(Yi bu cheng yuan sang), Ya’an bai sang (Guo sang), Xinjiang bai sang (Medicine mulberry), Guangdon “Da shi” guo sang and Hubei meng sang NO.4(ecological mulberry). Experimental results: ITS region(including 5.8S) length, 576-590 bp, G+C%, 59.38-60.17; TrnL-F region(including TrnL introns), 920-923 bp, G+C%, 34.02-34.24; rps16 intron, 929-947 bp, G+C%, 32.51-33.26. The genetic distance of Jian chi (high quality of mulberry), Xian feng chang sui sang(Guo sang), Qin zhou chang guo sang(Guo sang), Xiao guan sang(high quality of mulberry), Shen nong hua sang ♀(Mu cai sang) from other Morus materials respectively is 0.2-0.3, 0.1-0.4, 0.1-0.2, 0.0-0.3. Long sang (Yuan lin sang), Sri Lanka NO.1(Yi bu cheng yuan sang), Ya’an bai sang(Guo sang), Xinjiang bai sang (medicine mulberry), Guangdong “Da shi”guo sang and Hubei meng sang with other genetic distance was very near, most of the genetic distance was 0. Mrbayes analysis showed that the length of bifurcation diagram was 191, the consistency index(CI) was 0.9895, the retention index(RI) was 0.9429, the consistency index adjusted(RC) was 0.9330. The length of sequence alignment was 2516 bp, among them, the invariant sites was 2330 bp, the variable non informative sites was 171 bp, the information site was 15 bp. The bifurcation diagram would first branch broussonetia papyrifera separated, which was a outgroup, while Xin jiang hei sang separated. Xian feng chang sui sang, Li chuan chang sui sang, Qin zhou chang guo sang were seperated respectively. Chuan sang, Hua sang, Nai sang, Shengnongjia hua sang♀(Mu cai sang), Mao ye nai sang belonged to a branch of mulberry. Guangdon “Da shi” guo sang, Si chuan bai sang (Guo sang) belonged to a branch of mulberry, Sri Lanka NO.1(Yi bu cheng yuan sang), Hubei meng sang NO.4(ecological mulberry), Long sang(Yuan lin sang), Xin jiang bai sang(medicine mulberry) belonged to a branch of mulberry. Long xu sang(Yuan lin sang), Jian chi(high quality mulberry), Xiao guan sang(high quality mulberry) was separately as a branch. Using the three segments(ITS, TrnL-F, rps16) to analyse system evolution of mulberry, the disadvantage of which is insufficient information site, these three pieces can be used to preliminary determine the genetic relationship, then choose other ways to analyse further.