全 文 ：广 西 植 物 Guihaia 28(3)：340— 343 2008年 5月
Comparative study on bryophytes of Carlin gold mine
and non-gold field ‘ Nipu。Guizh~area In tiUlZlion —
HUANG W en-Hu，ZHANG Zhao-Hui
(Guizhou Provincal Laboratory for Mountainous Environment，School of Geography
and Biology，Guizhou Normal University，Guiyang 550001，China)
Abstract：In this paper，the bryophytes both on Carlin gold mine and non-gold field area of Jiueailantan in Nipu Vi—
lage of Pu’an County in Guizhou Province were reported for the first time．15 species belonging to 8 genera of 3 fami—
lies were found on the Carlin gold mine of Jiucailantan，and 20 species belonging to 15 genera of 9 families on non-gold
field area in Nipu．Through comparison，the similarity coefficient of species level was 11．4 between the two sample
sites in Nipu．It showed the distinct diversity on bryophytes of Carlin gold mi ne and non-gold field area．Among these
bryophytes。13 species of them(Pohlia leucostoma，P．proligera，Trematodon longicollis．etc．)only grew on Carlin
gold mi ne，indicting that some bryophytes adapted to the substrate of Carlin gold mine，and there were some relations
between bryophytes and Carlin gold mi ne distribution in Nipu area．
Key words：bryophytes；carlin gold mine；coefficient of similarity；Nipu gold field
CLC Number：Q948 Document Co de：A Article ID：1000-3142(2008)03—0340—04
It was believed that there were high technology
and big investment on prospecting Carlin gold mine
(Liu，2003)．However，biological prospecting was at—
tended as one of important ways to solve this difficul—
ty．In recent years there has been renewed interest in
the use of vegetation as a guide to mineralisation．Two
main techniques were used in this method：the first of
which was known as geobotanical prospecting，this
procedure involves a~sual exami nation of the plant
cover to detect indicator plants or morphological chan—
ges typical of certain types of mineralisation(Cannon，
1960)；another method is known as biogeochemicai
prospecting and it depends on chemi cal analysis of the
vegetation in which reliance is placed on the accumula—
tion of elements from the substrate to an extent pro—
portional to the amount present(Brooks，1971)．How—
ever，bryophytes is the most effective in accumulating
elements(Wu et a1．，2005)．Persson(1948)has repor—
ted on the use of Mielichhoferia mielichhoferi
(Hook．)Wijk．Et Marg．in prospecting for copper．
And“copper mosses” was used widely in prospecting
in many countries(Brooks& Yates，1972)．Samecka-
Cymerman prospected gold deposites using aquatic
bryophytes(Samecka-Cymerman 8L Kempers，1998)．
An d it was found that there are plentiful bryophytes on
Ca rlin gold deposit from our research．So the study is
feasible to use bryophyte to prospect Carlin gold de—
posit．
Moreover，geobotanical prospecting and geobotan-
ical prospecting using bryophytes should be based on
well knowing the situation about the bryophytes．So it
is necessary to compare the bryophytes between the
Ca rlin gold mine and non-gold field area．The Ca rlin
gold mi ne of Nipu is the most important part of
Received date：2006-06-27 Accepted date：2006—12—30
Fotmdation item：SuIpported by the Research Award Program for Outstanding Young Scientists in Guizhou Province(2005—0514)；Science
Fundation for Distinguished Overseas Chinese Scholars of MOP (2003—60)；Guizhou Governor’s Foundation for Outstanding Scientists
in Seience，Technology and Education(2003-04)
Biography：Huang WewHu(1977一)，male，Born in Zhenning County，Guizhou Provin~，ma ster，major in Botany，E-mail：wen hu_huang@
yeah．net．
*Author coresponding，E-mail：academiclife@126．com
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3期 黄文琥等：贵州泥堡卡林型金矿区与非金矿区苔藓植物比较研究 341
“Golden Triangle”of Yunnan，Guizhou and Guangxi
(Hu et a1．，2004)． Nobody had reported the bryo—
phytes on Nipu of Guizhou before．Therefore，research
on the bryophytes of Nipu will be hope to open the
door of studying the relation between bryophytes and
Carlin gold mine distribution．
1 Methods
1．1 Field works
Nipu in Xingyi Bu-yi Autonomous Prefecture in
southwestern Guizhou of China is situated between
104。51 ～ 105。9 E，25。18 ～ 26。10 N，belongs to south
subtropical with an average annual temperature of 1 5．4
℃ and annual precipitation about 1 500 rnrn(Zhou，
1996；W ei et a1．，2004)。Two sorts of sampling plot
(Carlin gold deposit and non-gold field area )were se-
lected in this study． The sampling plot of Carlin gold
deposit of Jiucailantan(sampling site 1)was stopped
exploiting three years ago．The area is about 400 m2．
There weren’t trees but some mosses and few ferns on
the mi ne，and the plants were only found in humi d
plot．The sampling plot of non-gold field area included
two sampling sites(sampling site 2 and sampling site
3)．Sampling site 2 was the stone which was covered
with thin soil on the gold mi ne or near the gold mi ne，
which is about 3O m2．There were some mosses，some
grass and few bush among the stones．Sampling site 3
was the surface of the coal mine of Datianyakou．The
area is about 1 200 m2．There weren’t trees and bu～
shes，but some ferns，grass and some mosses．And the
distance is about 1 000 m far from sampling site 3 to
sampling site 1 and 2．Sampling site 1，2 and 3 were in
the same mountain，and have simi lar ecological envi—
ronment．62 specimens of bryophytes were collected
from Nipu on February 8，2005．The situations of the
sampling sites were shown as table 1．
1．2 Laboratory works
The specimens of bryophytes were analysed and i—
dentified wi th light microscope(XSZ-107TS)，anatomi -
cal mi croscope(HW 1)and classifyed with reference
books in the laboratory in School of Geography and Bi—
ology of Guizhou Normal University．
1．3 Similar index
Coefficient of sim larity is useful for understand—
ing fuly the relation between the species and the envi—
ronment by comparing the plants in different sampling
sites(Dombois& Ellenberg 1986)．This expression of
coefficient of sim larity below was used to analysed the
bryophytes(W ang et a1．，1995；Zhang et a1．，2002)．
Table 1 The situation of the sample plot
s = 1O0 ×
A：All the species of carlin gold deposit． B：All
the species of non-gold field area．c：The common spe—
cies in three sampling sites．
2 Results
2．1 The bryophytes on Carlin gold mine
The ecological environment was destroyed seri—
ously in Carlin gold mi ne，where there were no trees
and bushes． Bryophytes cann’t be found on the
drouthy area ，but humi d plot，and the life forms of bry—
ophytes were all short turfs．In our prelim nary study，
29 specimens of bryophytes were collected from the
Carlin gold mi ne，15 species in 8 genera，3 fami lies were
reported(Table 2)，and Pohlia in Bryaceae is the domi —
nant genera．
2．2 Th ebryophytes innon-gold field area
The ecological environment was also destroyed se—
riously．There was only few bush ，grass and some
bryophytes on non-gold field area，and the life form
was only short turfs．2O species belonging to 1 5 genera
of 9 families，including Cephalozia lacinulata(Jack．)
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342 广 西 植 物 28卷
Spr．，Weisiopsis plicata (Mitt．)Broth．，Plagiotheci—
um denticulatum (Hedw．)B．S．G．and SO on．were
found on non-gold field area(Table 3)．And there isn’
t obvious dominant genera in non-gold field area
．
Table 2 The list of the bryophytes on Carlin gold mine
2．3 The comparison between Carlin gold mine and lion=
gold fieId area
The result was shown as Fig1． Two species of
bryophytes，Pohlia drummondii(C．Muel1．)Andr．and
Brachymenium exil(Doz．et．Molk．)Bosch et Lac．
were found on Carlin gold mi ne and non-gold field area
18 species of bryophytes grew on non-gold field ar—
ea．There were 1 3 species of bryophytes on Carlin
gold deposit．
By the formula ，the coefficient of simi larity of
species level was 1 1．4 of bryophytes of three sam-
pling sites(1，2 and 3)．Moreover，the eoeffieient of
simlarity was 34．8％ at genus level and 50 at fami—
Iies Ievel，respectively．
3 Conclusion
By the investigation，there are 2 common species
of bryophytes both on Carlin gold mi ne and non-gold
field area，Pohlia drummondii(C．Muel1． )Andr．and
Brachymenium exile(Doz．et．Molk．)B0sch et Lac
．
There are 18 species of specific bryophytes in non-gold
field area，and 13 species of specific bryophytes in carlin
gold mi ne．The sim lar index are 6
． 06 ，21．05 ，33．
33％ respectively in species，genera，families level of
bryophytes between Carlin gold mi ne and non-gold
field area in Nipu．It was shown that the diversity
Table 3 The list of the bryophytes
on non-gold field area
目 The bryophytes of nonloI dmi n Comon
Fig．1 The comparison between Carlin gold
mine and non-gold field area
is very distinct in the tWO sorts of plots
． The dissim lar
bryophytes selected different substrates． It was obvi—
OUS that the distributions of some bryophytes have
o e
S n
m
叫
皿
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3期 黄文琥等：贵州泥堡卡林型金矿区与非金矿区苔藓植物比较研究 343
some relation with the substrates．Base on this theory，
people found the“copper mosses”which had mainly
members of the genera Merceya and Mielichhoferia
(Brooks，1971)，and Persson(1948)reported on the
use of M mielichhoferi(Hook．)Wijk et Marg．in
prospecting for copper(Brooks& Yates，1972)．So we
thought that it was possible to find the bioindication of
mosses of Carlin gold．W e can find less report with the
bryophytes on Carlin gold mine and nobody found the
“gold mosses”．The study of bryophytes(Trematodon
longicollis，Didymodon dulus ，Hyophila spathu—
lata，Pohlia drummondii and so on)on Carlin gold
mi ne can provide some clues for researching the rela—
tion between bryophytes and Carlin gold deposit．
4 Acknowledgements
I tim grateful to Mr．JIANG Hong，Mr ．PENG
Tao，Miss．LI Xiao-Na and Mi ss．ZHOU Ling-Yan of
Guizhou Normal University for their assistance during
our field expeditions and laboratory research．
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贵州泥堡卡林型金矿区与非金
矿区苔藓植物比较研究
黄文琥，张朝晖
(贵州师范大学 地理与生物科学学院，贵州省山地环境重点实验室 ，贵阳 550001)
摘 要：首次报道了贵州普安县泥堡村韭菜烂滩的卡林型金矿区和非金矿区的苔藓。记录了泥堡韭菜烂滩卡
林型金矿生苔藓 3科 8属15种，非金矿生苔藓9科15属20种。通过比较我们得到韭菜烂滩卡林型金矿区和泥
堡非金矿区苔藓的相似性系数为11．4 。这表明这两个生境下的苔藓组成差异极大。在这个地区有 13种苔藓
植物(包括异芽丝瓜藓 Pohlia leucostorna、卵蒴丝瓜藓 P．proligera、长蒴藓 Trematodon longicollis等)只生长在
卡林型金矿上 ，这表明有一些苔藓植物适应卡林型金矿这种基质。也许 ，在泥堡地 区某些苔藓植物的分布与卡
林型金矿存在一定的关系。
关键词：苔藓植物；卡林型金矿；相似性系数；泥堡金矿
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