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勐仑翅子树化学成分的研究



全 文 :第27卷第2期 海南师范大学学报(自然科学版) Vol.27 No.2
2014年6月 Journal of Hainan Normal University(Natural Science) Jun.2014
摘 要:勐仑翅子树(Pterospermum menglunense Hsue)枝叶用工业甲醇提取.提取液用乙酸乙酯
萃取,通过硅胶柱层析、MCI 柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析和C-18反相柱层析反复分离纯化得到
9个化合物.利用现代波谱法结合理化分析鉴定它们的结构分别为teraxeryl acetate(1),β-sitosterol
(2),7β-hydroxysitosterol(3),daucosterol(4),24-ethylcholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(5),24
(S)-24-enthyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5,6β-triol(6),6β-hydroxy stigmast-4-en-3 one(7),(22E,24R)-
23-methylergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(8),glycerol monopalmitate(9).所有化合物均为首次从
该种植物分离得到,其中(3)、(5)~(9)为首次从该属植物中分离得到.
关键词:勐仑翅子树;提取;分离;化学成分;结构鉴定
中图分类号:R 248.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-4942(2014)02-0153-04
马艳芳, 蒋金和, 詹 睿, 刘 莹, 陈业高*
Abstract:Nine compounds were obtained by silica gel chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and C-
18 reverse phase column chromatography from the branches and leaves of Pterospermum menglunense Hsue, and the chem⁃
ical structures of these compounds were identified by modern spectroscopy as well as physico-chemical analysis. These
compounds were identified to be teraxeryl acetate (1), β-Sitosterol (2), 7β-hydroxysitosterol (3), daucosterol (4), 24-ethyl⁃
cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol (5), 24(S)-24-enthyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5,6β-triol (6), 6β-hydroxy stigmast-4-en-
3- one (7), (22E,24R)- 23-methylergosta- 7,22- diene- 3β,5α,6β- triol (8), and glycerol monopalmitate (9) respectively.
Compounds 3, and 5~9 were isolated from the genus Pterospermum for the first time, and others were originally obtained
from P. menglunense Hsue.
Key words:Pterospermum menglunense Hsue;extraction;isolation;chemical constituents;structure identification
Study on the Chemical Constituents From the Branches and
Leaves of Pterospermum menglunense Hsue
MA Yanfang,JIANG Jinhe,ZHAN Rui,LIU Ying,CHEN Yegao*
勐仑翅子树化学成分的研究
(云南师范大学 化学化工学院,云南 昆明 650500)
(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)
勐仑翅子树(Pterospermum menglunense Hsue)为
梧桐科翅子树属植物,常绿乔木,濒危种,分布于云
南南部西双版纳勐仑,生于石灰岩山林疏林中[1]. 本
品味微苦,民间用于散瘀止血、补益,治外伤及跌打
损伤肿痛. 翅子树属植物具有良好的免疫抑制[2],抗
氧化[3],抗溃疡[4]及止血[5]等功效. 药理实验表明,翅子
树叶的乙醇提取物有较强抑制大肠杆菌生长和缩短
小白鼠凝血时间的作用[6]. 勐仑翅子树的化学成分尚
未见报道,为进一步开发其药用价值,阐述其有效成
分,本文对勐仑翅子树的化学成分进行了分离鉴定.
采用各种分离方法包括硅胶柱层析、MCI柱层析、凝
胶层析和和C-18反相柱层析等分离方法,从中分得
9个化合物. 经过波谱分析(核磁共振氢谱、碳谱)确定
它们的结构分别为 teraxeryl acetate(1),β-sitosterol
(2),7β-hydroxysitosterol(3),daucosterol(4),24-
ethylcholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(5),24(S)-24
-enthyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5,6β-triol(6),6β-hydroxy
stigmast-4-en-3-one(7),(22E,24R)-23-methylergos⁃
ta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(8),glycerol monopal⁃
mitate(9). 所有化合物均为首次从该种植物分离得
到,其中(3)、(5)~(9)为首次从该属植物中分离得
到.其结构见图1.
收稿日期:2013-12-03
基金项目:云南省社会发展基础研究重点项目(2009CC018)
* 通讯作者
1.1 仪器
Bruker DRX-500MHz 超导核磁共振仪(瑞士
Bruker公司);ZF-Ⅱ型紫外分析仪(上海顾村中实仪
器厂);EYELA IV-1100型旋转蒸发仪(上海爱朗仪
器有限公司).
1.2 试剂
层析硅胶(青岛海洋化工厂出品),高效薄层层
析硅胶 G板(烟台化工研究院),Sephadex LH-20:
20- 80 m(Pharmacia Fine Chemical Co.,Ltd.),MCI
(CHP20P,日本三菱公司);反相RP-18(德国Merck
公司). 显色剂:10%硫酸乙醇溶液. 所用溶剂为工业
纯,重蒸,其它试剂为化学纯或分析纯.
1.3 药材
勐仑翅子树枝叶采自云南西双版纳,由中国医
学科学院药用植物开发研究所云南分所彭朝中先生
采集,并鉴定为Pterospermum menglunense Hsue的枝
叶.
干燥的勐仑翅子树枝叶部分(9.0 kg),用工业甲
醇室温浸提4次,浸出液减压浓缩得甲醇提取物,为
黑色浸膏. 浸膏用水悬溶,乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取液减
压浓缩,得乙酸乙酯浸膏 147 g. 乙酸乙酯部分进行
MCI柱层析(甲醇/水 8∶2→10∶0,丙酮),依此得到甲
醇/水 8∶2(A)28 g,甲醇/水 9∶1(B)34 g,甲醇(C)
74 g和丙酮部分. C部分经硅胶柱层析,凝胶柱层析
和C-18反相柱层析反复分离纯化,得化合物 1(220
mg),2(190 mg),3(5.0 mg),4(6.8 mg),5(3.0 mg),6
(6.0 mg),7(9.0 mg),8(6.0 mg)和9(18 mg).
从勐仑翅子树枝叶分离得到 9个成分,利用现
代核磁共振波谱法,结合理化分析进行鉴定,9个化
合物的结构分别为 teraxeryl acetate(1),β-sitosterol
(2),7β-hydroxysitosterol(3),daucosterol(4),24-eth⁃
ylcholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(5),24(S)-24-
enthyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5,6β-triol(6),6β-hydroxy
stigmast-4-en-3-one(7),(22E,24R)-23-methylergos⁃
ta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(8),glycerol monopalmi⁃
tate(9). 所有化合物均为首次从该种植物分离得到,
其中(3)、(5)~(9)为首次从该属植物中分离得到.
化合物 1:无色针状结晶,分子式为C32H52O2,溶
于氯仿. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, CDCl3)∶δ 5.54(1H, dd,
J=2.5, 2.5 Hz, H-15),4.47(1H, dd, J=5.5, 5 Hz, H-3)
表明有烯氢质子,2.05(3H, s, -COCH3),1.91(1H,
dd, J=15 Hz, H-16a),1.09(3H, s, H-26),0.96(3H, s,
H-23),0.91(3H, s, H-30),0.88(3H, s, H-30),0.86
(3H, s, H-29),0.83(3H, s, H-24);13C-NMR(CDCl3,
125 MHz)∶δ 171.0(s, - COCH3),158.0(s, C- 14),
116.9(d, C-15),81.0(d, C-3),55.6(d, C-5),49.2(d,
C-9),48.8(d, C-18),41.2(t, C-19),39.0(d, C-8),
38.9(s, C-4),37.9(s, C-13),37.7(t, C-1),37.6(s, C-
图1 化合物结构图
Fig.1 Structure diagram of compound
154 海南师范大学学报(自然科学版) 2014年
1 药材和仪器
3 结果与讨论
2 试验方法
β
10),37.4(t, C-22),36.7(t, C-12),35.8(s, C-17),
35.1(t, C-21),33.7(t, C-16),33.4(q, C-29),33.1(t,
C-7),29.9(q, C-27),29.8(q, C-28),28.8(s, C-20),
28.0(q, C- 23),25.9(t, C- 2),21.3(q, C- 30; q, -
COCH3),18.8(t, C-6),17.5(t, C-11),16.6(q, C-24),
15.4(q, C-25). 数据与文献[7]报道的化合物 teraxer⁃
yl acetate完全一致,因此化合物 1的结构确定为 ter⁃
axeryl acetate.
化合物 2:无色针状结晶,分子式为C29H50O,易
溶于氯仿,难溶于甲醇. 10%浓硫酸-乙醇显色为紫
红色,与β-Sitosterol标准品进行TLC展开,多种不同
的展开剂系统的Rf值均相同.根据以上理化性质,结
合文献[8]报道,鉴定化合物2为β-Sitosterol.
化合物 3:无色粉末,分子式为C29H50O2,可溶于
氯仿、甲醇. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, CDCl3)∶δ 5.32(1H,
brs, H-6),3.87(1H, d, J=7.5 Hz, H-7),3.57(1H, m,
H-3),1.07(3H, s, H-19),0.94(3H, d, J=7.0 Hz, H-
21),0.87(2H, t, J=7.3 Hz, H-28),0.84(3H, d, J=6.5
Hz, H-26),0.81(3H, d, J=6.5 Hz, H-27),0.72(3H,
s, H-18);13C-NMR(500 MHz, CDCl3)∶δ 143.5(s, C-
5),125.5(d, C-6),73.4(d, C-7),71.5(d, C-3),56.0
(d, C-14),55.4(d, C-17),48.3(d, C-9),45.9(d, C-
24),42.3(d, C-8),42.2(t, C-4),41.8(s, C-13),39.6
(t, C-12),37.0(t, C-1),36.9(s, C-10),36.5(d, C-
20),36.1(t, C-22),31.6(t, C-2),29.2(d, C-25),28.6
(t, C-16),26.4(t, C-15),26.1(t, C-23),23.1(t, C-
28),21.1(t, C-11),19.8(q, C-26),19.2(q, C-27),
19.0(q, C-19),18.8(q, C-21),12.0(q, C-18),11.8
(q, C-29). 数据与文献[9]报道的化合物7β-hydroxy⁃
sitosterol完全一致,因此化合物 3的结构确定为 7β-
hydroxysitosterol.
化合物 4:无色粉末,分子式为C35H60O6,可溶于
氯仿、丙酮. 10%浓硫酸-乙醇显色为紫红色,与dau⁃
costerol标准品进行TLC展开,多种不同的展开剂系
统的Rf值均相同. 根据以上理化性质,结合文献[10]
报道,鉴定化合物4为daucosterol.
化合物 5:无色粉末,分子式为C29H48O3,可溶于
吡啶. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, C5D5N)∶δ 5.73(1H, brs, H-
7),5.20(1H, dd, J=15.0, 6.8 Hz, H-23),5.18(1H, dd,
J=12, 6.8 Hz, H-22),4.83(1H, m, H-3),4.32(1H, d,
J=4.5 Hz, H-6),3.05(1H, t, J=12.0 Hz, H-4),2.56
(1H, m, H-9),1.71(1H, m, H-16β),1.69(2H, m, H-
11),1.53(3H, s, H-19),1.26(1H, m, H-16α),1.24
(1H, m, H-14),1.05(3H, d, J=6.5 Hz, H-21),0.93
(1H, d, J=6.6 Hz, H-22),0.85(3H, d, J=4.0 Hz, H-
26),0.83(3H, d, J=4.5 Hz, H-27),0.64(3H, s, H-
18);13C-NMR(C5D5N, 125 MHz)∶δ 141.3(s, C-8),
136.0(d, C-22),131.8(d, C-23),120.2(d, C-7),75.9
(s, C-5),74.0(d, C-6),67.3(d, C-3),55.9(d, C-
17),55.0(d, C-14),43.5(d, C-9),43.5(s, C-13),
43.0(d, C-24),41.7(t, C-4),40.6(d, C-20),39.6(t,
C-12),37.8(s, C-10),33.6(d, C-25),33.1(t, C-2),
32.4(t, C-1),29.7(t, C-28),28.2(t, C-16),23.2(t,
C-15),22.1(t, C-11),21.1(q, C-26),19.9(q, C-21),
19.6(q, C-27),18.5(q, C-19),17.6(q, C-29),12.3
(q, C-18). 数据与文献[11]报道的化合物 24-ethyl⁃
cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol完全一致,因此化
合物 5的结构确定为 24-ethylcholesta-7,22-diene-
3β,5α,6β-triol.
化合物 6:无色粉末,分子式为C29H52O3,可溶于
吡啶. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, C5D5N)∶δ 5.24(m, 1H, H-
3),4.14(m, 1H, H-6),0.69(s, 3H, H-18),0.80(d,
3H, J=6.5 Hz, H-26),0.82(d, 3H, J=7.0 Hz, H-27),
0.85(t, 3H, J=7.5 Hz, H-29),0.9l(d, 3H, J=6.6 Hz, H-
21),1.18(s, 3H, H-19)表明有 6个甲基质子信号.
13C-NMR(C5D5N, 125 MHz)∶δ 76.2(d, C-6),75.8(s,
C-5),67.3(d, C-3),56.5(d, C-14),56.5(d, C-17),
46.0(d, C-24),46.0(d, C-9),43.0(s, C-13),42.8(t,
C-4),40.6(t, C-12),39.0((s, C-10),36.4(t, C-20),
35.6(t, C-7),34.1(t, C-22),33.2(t, C-2),32.4(t, C-
1),31.1(d, C-8),29.3(d, C-25),28.6(t, C-16),26.3
(t, C-23),24.6(t, C-15),23.3(t, C-28),21.7(t, C-
11),19.9(q, C-27),19.1(q, C-26),18.9(q, C-21),
17.1(q, C-19),12.3(q, C-18),12.0(q, C-29). 数据
与文献[12]报道的化合物 24(S)-24-enthyl-5α-cho⁃
lestane-3β,5,6β-triol完全一致,因此化合物6的结构
确定为24(S)-24-enthyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5,6β-triol.
化合物 7:无色结晶,分子式为C29H48O2,可溶于
吡啶. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, C5D5N)∶δ 6.04 (s, 1H, H-
4),4.54(s, 1H, H-6),2.56(m, 2H, H-7),1.88(m,
1H, H-25),1.53(s, 3H, H-19),1.38(s,1H, H-20),
1.30(m, 2H, H-7),1.26(m, 2H, H-28),0.98(d, J=6.5
Hz, 3H, H-21),0.88(s, 3H, H-29),0.87(d, J=6.56
Hz, 3H, H-27),0.85(d, J=7 Hz, 3H, H-26), 0.71(s,
3H, H-18);13C-NMR(C5D5N, 125 MHz)∶δ 199.4(s,
C-3),169.6(s, C-5),125.6(d, C-4),72.3(d, C-6),
56.0(d, C-14),55.9(d, C-17),53.9(d, C-9),45.9(d,
C-24),42.5(s, C-13),39.7(t, C-12),39.5(t,C-7),
38.2(s, C-10),37.3(t, C-1),36.2(d, C-20),34.5(t,
C-2),34.0(t, C-22),30.1(d, C-8), 29.3(d, C-25),
第2期 马艳芳等: 勐仑翅子树化学成分的研究 155
28.3(t, C-16),26.2(t, C-23),24.3(t, C-15),23.2(t,
C-28),21.1(t, C-11),19.8(q, C-26),19.4),q, C-
19),19.0(q, C-27),18.8(q, C-21),11.9(q, C-18).
数据与文献[13]报道的化合物 6β-hydroxy stigmast-
4-en-3-one完全一致,因此化合物 7的结构确定为
6β-hydroxy stigmast-4-en-3-one.
化合物 8:无色粉末,分子式为C29H48O3,可溶于
氯仿,甲醇,吡啶. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, C5D5N)∶δ 5.32
(dd ,1H, J=5.5, 2.6 Hz, H-7),4.90(dd, J=9.5, 1.5 Hz,
1H, H-22),4.08(m, 1H, H-3),3.63(m, 1H, H-6),
2.36(m, 1H, H-20),2.15(dd, 1H, J=12.8, 12.1 Hz, H-
4),1.51(d, 3H, J=1.5 Hz, H-29),1.09(s, 3H, H-
19),0.95(d, 3H, J=6.6 Hz, H-21),0.94(d, 3H, J=7.0
Hz, H-28),0.85(d, 3H, J=6.6 Hz, H-26),0.79(d, 3H,
J=6.6 Hz, H- 27),0.62(s, 3H, H- 18);13C- NMR
(C5D5N, 125 MHz)∶δ 143.2(s, C-8),135.7(s, C-23),
131.8(d, C-22),115.8(d,C-7),75.5(s, C-5),73.9(d,
C-6),67.1(d, C-3),57.0(d, C-17),54.5(d, C-14),
43.5(d, C-9),43.0(s, C-13),39.3(t, C-12),39.1(t,
C-4),37.0(s, C-10),34.5(d, C-20),33.0(t, C-1),
30.7(d, C-25),30.5(t, C-2),27.0(t, C-16),22.6(t,
C-11),22.0(t, C-15),21.4(q, C-27),20.6(q, C-26),
19.9(q, C-21),18.7(q, C-19),17.0(q, C-28),13.1
(q, C-29),12.2(q, C-18). 数据与文献[14]报道的化
合物(22E,24R)-23-methylergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,
6β-triol完全一致,因此化合物 8的结构确定为(22E,
24R)-23-methylergosta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol.
化合物 9:无色粉末,分子式为C20H40O4,可溶于
氯仿、丙酮. 1H-NMR(500 MHz, CDCl3)∶δ 4.16(d,
1H, J=7.0 Hz, 1’-OH),4.07(m, 1H, 3’-OH),3.84
(m, 1H, H-1’),3.58(dd, 2H, J=2.5, 2.5 Hz, H-2’),
2.38(m, 2H, H-1’),1.38(m, 28H, H-2~H-15),0.92
(t, 3H, H-16);13C-NMR(CDCl3, 125 MHz)∶δ 174.4
(s, C-1),70.3(d, C-2’),65.2(t, C-1’),63.4(t, C-
3’),34.2(t, C-2),31.2(t, C-14),29.1~79.7(t, C-
4~C-13),24.9(t, C-3),22.7(t, C-15),14.1(q, C-
16). 数据与文献[15]报道的化合物 glycerol monopal⁃
mitate完全一致,因此化合物 9的结构确定为 glycer⁃
ol monopalmitate.
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