Salt-affected soil is a serious global problem. Most of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are sensitive to high levels of salt in soil; However, a number of wild relatives of wheat are tolerant to high levels of salt. Several lines, including the hybrids between wheat and Secale cereale L. and the hybrids between wheat and Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel., were investigated under salt stress. Four hundred accessions of collections were screened by salt stress during germinating and seedling stages. Eleven lines showed high tolerance to salt stress, they are Triticum aestivum L. cv. Hongmazha (landrace), Keyi 26, Hope; wheat-rye hybrid, 98-46, 98-113, 98-131; wheat- Leymus hybrid, 98-160, 98-161, 98-163. The lines with remarkable tolerance to salt stress are 98-160, 98-113. Genomic in situ hybridization and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) analysis of gliadin and SDS-PAGE analysis of low molecular weight glutenins proved that 98-131 was a stable 1BL/1RS translocation and 98-113 was an addition line with one pair of unidentified rye chromosomes. Further salt stress response test of 1B/1R substitution/translocation lines indicated that 1RS might have salt tolerance gene(s). SSR markers were employed to target the salt tolerance genes of 98-160 in its F2 population with salt sensitive line, Banacaka Mska. The analysis displayed that SSR markers WMS67 and WMS213 mapped on 5BL were linking to salt tolerance gene(s). Genetic distance of the two markers to the critical gene(s) are 13.9 cM (centMorgan), 31.0 cM, respectively. It is suggested that in 98-160 line, the salt tolerance might be controlled by major gene (s) on 5BL.
小麦耐盐种质的筛选鉴定和耐盐基因的标记
刘旭 史娟 张学勇* 马缘生 贾继增
（中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所，农业部作物种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室，北京100081）
摘要：通过对 40 0份材料的芽期、苗期鉴定 ,筛选出 11份耐盐性较强的普通小麦 (Triticumaestivum L .)、小麦和黑麦 (Secalecereale L .)、小麦和延安赖草 (Leymuschinensis (Trin .)Tzvel.)杂交后代材料 ,其中耐盐性突出的材料有 :普通小麦品种“红蚂蚱”、“科遗 2 6”、“希望”(Hope) ;小麦与黑麦杂交后代材料 98-46、98-113、98-131;小麦与延安赖草杂交后代材料 98-16 0、98-16 1、98-16 3。耐盐性表现最突出的材料是 98-113和 98_16 0。细胞学鉴定和原位杂交及醇溶蛋白酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (A-PAGE)分析和低分子量谷蛋白SDS_PAGE分析 ,证明 98-113是稳定的小麦 黑麦二体附加系 ,但具体附加的是黑麦的哪条染色体还不清楚 ;98-131是小麦 黑麦 1B/ 1R易位系。结合其他 1B/ 1R材料的耐盐表现 ,提出了黑麦 1R染色体短臂上存在耐盐基因的可能性。对 (98_16 0×BanacakaMska)F2 代分离群体苗期抗盐鉴定分析 ,表明在这一杂交组合中的耐盐性状可能由一个主效基因控制。应用SSR标记技术 ,筛选到了与 98-16 0耐盐性状连锁的SSR标记WMS6 7和WMS2 13,它们与耐盐基因的遗传距离分别为 13.9cM (centMorgan)和 31.0cM。结合小麦SSR图谱分析 ,将该主效抗性基因定位在 5BL上。
关键词： 小麦；黑麦；耐盐基因；染色体定位
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