Chromosome constitution of the major types winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm, Aimengniu derived from Aifeng 3//Mengxian 201/Neuzucht, was examined through mitotic chromosome C-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The results indicated that Aimengniu Ⅱ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ involved a new wheat-rye complex translocation, which was probably resulted from a second reciprocal translocation between the first translocation chromosome 1RS·1BL and wheat chromosome 7D. It was designated as 1RS·7DS and 1BL·7DL. The results also revealed that Aimengniu Ⅶ contained a usual 1RS·1BL and no translocation between wheat and rye was found in Aimengniu Ⅲ.
冬小麦种质“矮孟牛”的分子细胞遗传学研究
亓增军1 刘大钧1* 陈佩度1 李晴祺2
（1. 南京农业大学农业部作物细胞遗传重点开放实验室，南京210095；2. 山东农业大学农学系，泰安271018）
摘要：利用染色体C分带和FISH(fluorescence in situ hybridization)技术对冬小麦(Triticumaestivum L.)种质“矮孟牛"Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ型及其在选育过程中产生而未被生产上利用的Ⅲ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ型进行了鉴定与分析。结果表明，被鉴定的“矮孟牛"6种类型染色体数均为2n=42，其中，“矮孟牛"Ⅶ型为1RS.1BL易位，“矮孟牛"Ⅲ型染色体组成中未发现小麦-黑麦易位，“矮孟牛”Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ型则存在一种新的小麦-黑麦复杂易位，亦即在杂交过程中产生的小麦-黑麦1RS.1BL易位染色体又与另一条小麦染色体7D发生了相互易位，将其确定为1RS.7DS和1BL.7DL。
关键词： 小麦；黑麦；复杂易位；1RS.1BL 分带: fluorescence in situ hybridization；冬小麦种质“矮孟牛”
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