Genetic diversity at Gli-1, Gli-2 and Glu-1 loci was investigated in 89 Sichuan wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) landraces by using acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) and SDS-PAGE. In these landraces, a total of 32 gliadin and 3 high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin patterns were observed. In total, 14, 15 and 5 alleles were identified at Gli-1, Gli-2 and Glu-1, respectively. At each locus, the alleles in higher frequency were Gli-A1a (89%), Gli-B1 h (46%), Gli-D1a (65%), Gli-A2a (64%), Gli-B2j (45%), Gli-D2 a (48%), Glu-A1c (99%), Glu-B1b (99%) and Glu-D1a (100%). The Nei‘s genetic variation index (H) of Sichuan wheat landraces was 0.3706, varying from 0 to 0.7087. The highest genetic diversity was found at Gli-B2 locus, while the lowest was found at Glu-D1 . The genetic diversity at Gli loci was higher than that of Glu-1 loci among these landraces, but it was much lower than that of modern wheat cultivars. These results indicated a narrow genetic base of Sichuan wheat landraces. In this study, “Chengdu-guangtou” had the identical gliadin and HMW-glutenin patterns with “Chinese Spring”, further supporting the proposal that “Chinese Spring” is a strain of “Chengdu-guangtou”.
四川小麦地方品种Gli-1、Gli-2 和Glu-1位点的遗传多样性
魏育明 郑有良 刘登才 周永红 兰秀锦
（四川农业大学小麦研究所，都江堰611830）
摘要：运用APAGE和SDS_PAGE方法 ,研究了 89个四川小麦 (Triticumaestivum L .)地方品种Gli_1、Gli_2和Glu-1位点的遗传多样性。在这些地方品种中 ,总共发现 32种醇溶蛋白带型和 3种高分子谷蛋白带型。在Gli-1、Gli-2和Glu-1位点上 ,分别检测出 14、15和 5个等位基因。在每一个位点上 ,出现频率最高的等位基因分别为Gli-A1a(89% ) ,Gli-B1h (46 % ) ,Gli-D1a (6 5 % ) ,Gli-A2a (6 4% ) ,Gli-B2j (45 % ) ,Gli-D2a (48% ) ,Glu-A1c (99% ) ,Glu-B1b (99% )和Glu-D1a (10 0 % )。四川小麦地方品种的Nei’s遗传变异系数平均为 0 .370 6 ,变幅为 0到 0 .70 87;其中Gli_B2位点的遗传多样性最高 ,而Glu_D1位点最低。同时 ,Gli位点的遗传多样性高于Glu-1位点的遗传多样性 ,但又低于现代品种Gli位点的遗传多样性。这些结果说明四川地方小麦品种的遗传基础狭窄。在研究中 ,“成都光头”与“中国春”的醇溶蛋白和高分子谷蛋白的带型完全一致 ,进一步证实“中国春”是“成都光头”的一个选系。
关键词： 小麦；地方品种；遗传多样性；醇溶蛋白位点；高分子谷蛋白位点
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