Abstract:A new cucurbitane-glycoside named neomogroside, was isolated from the fresh fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffery ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang in addition to four other known compounds. By means of spectroscopic analysis, the structure of neomogroside was identified as mogrol-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (6-1)-β-glycopyranosyl (2-1) -β-D-gly- copyranoside]-24-O-{ [β-D-glycopyranosyl (2-1) ]-[β-glycopyranosyl (6-1) ]-β-glycopy- ranoside } (5). The known compounds were identified as mogroside Ⅱ E (1). mogroside Ⅲ (2), mogroside Ⅳ (3) and mogroside Ⅴ (4).