作 者 ：WANG Yan-Hong, MA Jin-Shuang, LIU Quan-Ru
期 刊 ：植物分类学报 1999年 4期
Keywords:Euphorbia, Karyotype,
Abstract:
In this paper, eight species of the genus Euphorbia L. were cytologically studied.
The three species of the subgenus Chamaesyce Raf., E. hirta, E. humifusa and E. hy-
pericifolia, had chromosome numbers of 2n = 18, 22 and 32, with their basic chromosome
numbers being x = 9, 11 and 8 respectively. The two species of the subgenus Poinsettia
(Grah.) House. E. dentata, with 2n=28, a tetraploid, and E. cyathophora, with 2n=
56, a octoploid, had both the basic chromosome number of x= 7. The three species of the
subgenus Esula Pers, E. lathyris, E. helioscopia and E. hylonoma, had chromosome
number of 2n= 20, 42 and 20, with their basic numbers being x= 10, 7 and 10 respectively.
The basic chromosome number of x = 8 is new for E. hypericifolia, in which x = 7 was pre-
viously reported. This indicates that this species had both ploidy(2n = 4x = 28, 8x = 56) and
dysploidy(x = 7, 8) variations. In E. dentata, there occurred also ploidy variation (2n =
2x, 4x and 8x). A tetraploid cytotype of E. esula was found in China, its diploid cytotype
and hexaploid cytotype being previously reported in North America, the Iberian Peninsula
and some other European areas. Based on our results and those previously reported, we sup-
port the viewpoint that x＝10 may be the original basic chromosome number of Euphorbia
and discuss the role of polyploidy and dysploidy in the speciation and evolution of this genus