Abstract:Karst rocky area that is under severe desertification condition posed a serious attention in southwest China, because such area is expanding with a rate of 2% annually. Therefore, ecosystem restoration of the present problem area has been focused. Since, vegetation recovery is the first step of any restoration programme was conducted, by which, land cover will be safe for further wastage. Thus, three research sites were selected for regeneration study such as: (I) hill closing, (Ⅱ) abandoned farmland, and (Ⅲ) farmland. The objectives of the present study were (1) How land-used influences the species composition in the ecosystem, (2) what relationship exists between soil seed banks and vegetation restoration. Results indicated that the average seed density among three sites was in the range of 1664-8060 seeds per m2, being maximum in the abandoned farmland and minimum in the hill closing land. However, effect of soil depth on seeds number was significantly different as highest seeds number was found in 0-5cm soil layer and showed decreasing trend with increases soil depth. The similarity indices of different type seed banks were low, and distinctly varied. These indices (species, diversity, evenness and dominant indices) were significantly better in the site II followed by Ⅲ and I. Most abundant herbaceous species composition was the member of Asteraceae and Poaceae family indicated the recovery laid early stage of primary succession. The lack of tree species seeds in the soil seed banks indicating that recovery of vegetation in short span of time, some suitable species should be introduced for ideal restoration.