作 者 ：朱志梅,杨持,曹明明,刘康,杨联安
期 刊 ：生态学报 2007年 27卷 1期 页码：48~57
Keywords:sandy desertification, physiological response, stress resistant type, soil factor, grassland steppe,
摘 要 ：基于2001~2003年内蒙古锡林郭勒盟多伦县草原沙漠化过程中土壤因子（5个指标）与不同耐胁迫类型植物的生理响应(7个指标)的相关分析, 得到的结果是：①羊草（敏感型）各生理指标与土壤含水量及土壤C/N比的相关水平较高（P<0.01）,其中以MDA和ABA与土壤因子的相关性较高（P<0.01）。②糙隐子草和冷蒿（积极忍耐型）MDA只与土壤C/N比关系均极显著相关（P<0.01）,同时ABA与反映土壤的5个指标的关系亦极显著相关（P<0.01）。③扁蓿豆（迟钝型）对土壤物理性质的敏感性要高于土壤的化学性质，土壤营养元素的衰减并没有成为制约其生长发育的主导因子。另外在扁蓿豆的7个生理指标中MDA与土壤的相关性最高（P<0.01）,而ABA与土壤因子均不相关（P>0.05）。④综合植物生理指标与土壤因子的相关分析，多数植物的MDA和ABA在沙漠化胁迫环境下反应较强。⑤不同类型植物在沙漠化过程中对土壤因子的响应机制不同，其中敏感型对土壤水分、C/N比响应较强,而积极忍耐型对土壤反应的主导因素不突出，总体上土壤因子中C/N比与植物的生理响应关系密切。
Abstract:The study on the relationship between soil factor and physiological response of the plants is very important for understanding ecosystem damaged mechanism from sandy desertification and improving efficiency of fathering sandy desertification. However, little is studied or made known about what are the key soil factors for different plant and the effect of degradation level on the interactions between soil factors and physiological response of the plants under natural environment on sandy grassland. The aim of the present study is to find the relationship between the soil factor and physiological response of the plants under different desertification stage and the practical measure to fathering desertification on grassland. Three-year’s research work is from 2001 to 2003 in DUOLUN County, Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia. A series of degradation gradient or stage is established by clustering analysis, and become Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴstage corresponding to original vegetation(OV), potential desertification（PD）, light desertification（LD）, moderate desertification（MD）and heavy desertification（HD）, as well as corresponding to five community types of L. chinensis + Stipa kryovii + bunch grass, C. squarrosa + Agrostis cristatum, A. frigida + A. cristatum + C. squarrosa + weed , A. intramongolica + weed and annual plant. Five community types were selected as the sampling sites. Choosing four common plant population (i.e. Leymus chinensis, Cleistogenes squarrosa, Artemisia frigida and Melilotoides ruthenica) is to be provided with comparative significance because their different physiological response to sandy desertification. The correlation analysis was done between the soil factor（5 soil indexes）and the physiological response of per plant population( 7 physiological indexes). The results showed as follows : (1)In the course of the grassland sandy desertification, L. chinensis being a impressible type among four common plant population, its physiological response had very significant correlations with the soil moisture and C/N in soil than other soil indexes（P<0.01）relatively. According to this, it was proved that the soil moisture and C/N in soil were the key factors to result in the damage on the physiological level of L. chinensis. Both its MDA and ABA had more significant correlations than other physiological indexes with five soil indexes as a whole（P<0.01）. Therefore, it is possible that ABA is important factor on damage. It may arouse the membrane lipid peroxidatic reaction. (2)C. squarrosa and A. frigida being a resistant type, only the C/N of soil among 5 soil indexes relation with both MDA was consistent. And that their correlations were very significant（P<0.01）. Both ABA relations with 5 soil indexes were consistent. Similarly, their correlations were very significant（P<0.01）.The C/N in soil significantly influenced physiological level of A. frigida. Furthermore the content of total N in soil, the soil moisture and content of clay in the soil were important to A. frigida. (3)M. ruthenica being a retarded type, it was more sensitive to the soil physics character (the soil moisture and content of clay in the soil) than the soil chemistry character (the content of C, total N and the C/N in soil), suggesting that degradation of the soil nutritious elementary was not the leading factor of holding back its growth . Its MDA showed most significant correlation（P<0.01） than other physiological indexes with five soil indexes as a whole, but its ABA did not show significant correlation with each of 5 soil indexes（P>0.05）. (4)The result of synthesizing the correlation analysis among the plants of various type showed that MDA and ABA in the plants responded intensively to the stress of desertification environment. (5)For each of the stress resistant types, there were differences in the response mechanism to the soil factor under different desertification stage on sandy grassland. The impressible type responded intensively to the soil moisture and C/N in soil. The response of the resistant type to the soil factor did not show becoming dominant factor. Altogether, the physiological response of the plants among four common populations had almost significant correlation with the C/N in soil.