Abstract:With transect sampling,effects of forest boundary forms on specie composition and its distribution and on growth and death of colonizing woody plants were measured at the birch forest tundra ecotone in Changbai Mountain,Northeastern China.The boundary microclimate relative to forest boundary forms,causes of colonizing patterns,and timberline dynamics were also studied. Betula ermanii and Alnus mandshurica predominated in the colonizing woody species on forest boundaries.In general,transects facing c...