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作 者 ：牛国强, 黄艳, 张薄博, 许赣荣

期 刊 ：核农学报 2016年 30卷 4期 页码：654-661

关键词：常压室温等离子体；红曲菌；橙色素；黄色素；色价；

Keywords:atmospheric and room temperature plasma, Monascus, orange pigment, yellow pigment, color value,

摘 要 ：为了提高红曲菌(Monascus sp.)产橙、黄色素的性能,采用新型的常压室温等离子体(ARTP)诱变技术处理红曲菌WM951孢子悬液。结果表明,最佳照射时间为90 s,此时红曲菌突变效果最好,其孢子致死率为78%,形态突变率为14.2%。试验最终从15株突变菌株筛选得到1株高产橙、黄色素的突变菌株WM951M1,对该菌株的发酵产物进行色价检测分析,发现该突变菌株产橙、黄色素能力比出发菌株分别提高136%、43%,30℃培养10d后其固态发酵红曲米中橙、黄色素色价最大值分别为3 620、3 300 U·g^-1。出发菌和突变菌所产色素的全波长扫面图谱显示,突变菌所产色素最大吸收峰出现在465 nm处,并在410 nm处也有吸收峰,说明该菌主要合成橙、黄色素。在传代培养的过程中,该突变菌株表现出良好的遗传稳定性及形态稳定性,不仅可应用于生产橙、黄色素,也可用于生产色调偏橙型红曲米,还能丰富红曲菌菌株库资源。

Abstract:Natural pigments produced by Monascus fermentation have attracted increasing attentions. In this study, atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) was applied for the screening of Monascus mutants with high orange/yellow pigment production. The optimal irradiation time for the Monascus mutation was 90s, at which the spore lethality rate was 78% and the morphological mutation rate was 14.2%. The highest orange and yellow pigment production was 3 620 and 3 300 U·g^-1by solid-state fermentation of the mutant strain WM951M1 at 30℃ for 10d, with an increase of 43% and 136% when compared with that of the original strain. The characteristics of the orange and yellow pigments were confirmed by the full wavelength scanning. The maximum absorption peak of the pigments produced by WM951M1 appeared at 465 nm and an absorption peak also appeared at 410 nm. Furthermore, WM951M1 exhibited an excellent genetic and morphology stability thus it could be used in the industrial production.

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