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作 者 ：武际1;2;郭熙盛1;2;王允青1;汪建来2;杨晓虎3

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2007年 13卷 6期 页码：1054-1061

关键词：氮钾配施；弱筋小麦；产量；品质；养分吸收；土壤供钾水平；

Keywords:combined application of N and K, weak gluten wheat, yield, quality, nutrients absorption, soil K supply level,

摘 要 ：在低钾和中钾土壤上,采用田间试验研究了氮钾配施对弱筋小麦氮、钾养分吸收及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,氮钾肥配合施用促进了弱筋小麦植株氮、钾含量的提高,氮、钾养分吸收表现出一定的正交互作用;合理配施氮钾肥能够显著地提高弱筋小麦产量。在低钾土壤上,N₁₈₀K₁₅₀处理产量最高(5023.kg/hm²);中钾土壤上,最高产量(5145.kg/hm²)为N₁₈₀K₉₀处理。两种土壤上,氮肥的产量效应均大于钾肥。低钾土壤上,氮钾对小麦产量表现出极显著的正交互作用。提高氮肥用量显著降低了弱筋小麦的专用品质,钾肥对小麦品质的独立效应不显著,但是钾对氮的品质效应存在着交互作用。弱筋小麦抽穗期或灌浆期植株氮、钾含量与子粒品质的相关系数较大,与产量的相关系数则是以拔节期或抽穗期较大。适当减少氮肥用量和增加氮、钾肥基施比例有利于改善弱筋小麦的品质。

Abstract:The field trials were conducted to study effects of combined application of nitrogen(N) and potassium(K) on nutrient uptake,grain yield and quality of weak gluten wheat on low-K and medium-K soils.The results showed that combination of N and K fertilizers could increase N and K content and absorption of wheat plant.There was a positive interaction of N and K on nutrient absorption.The rational combination of N and K fertilizer increased the yield of weak gluten wheat significantly.The treatment of N₁₈₀K₁₅₀ achieved the maximum yield of 5023 kg/ha in low-K soil while the N₁₈₀K₉₀ obtained maximum yield of 5145 kg/ha in medium-K soil.The yield response of wheat to N was more significant than that of potassium.The significant positive interaction of N and K fertilizer on the grain yield was found in low-K soil.The quality of weak gluten wheat was decreased notably with the increase of N rate in two soils.There was interaction between N and K on quality of weak gluten wheat while the effect of single K was not obvious.The correlation coefficients of N and K content with grain yield or quality were better at jointing and heading stages or at heading and filling stages,respectively.The quality of weak gluten wheat could be improved either by reducing N rate properly or increasing basal N and K ratios.

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