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作 者 ：章永松;林咸永;罗安程;苏玲

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 1998年 4卷 2期 页码：145-150

关键词：有机肥；不同形态无机磷；活化作用；水稻土；

Keywords:Activation, Organic manure, Paddy soil, Phosphorus form,

摘 要 ：采用逐级去磷的土壤研究在好气与淹水条件下猪粪、稻草和纤维素对土壤中不同形态磷的活化作用。结果表明，在好气条件下，猪粪、稻草和纤维素均能对土壤中各种形态的无机磷起活化作用，其效果为猪粪＞稻草＞纤维素。在淹水条件下，有机肥则表现为明显增加土壤对磷的固定，这主要是土壤中的铁氧化物强烈吸附磷所致。但当土壤去除Fe－P和O－P后，有机肥则能对土壤磷起明显的活化作用。采用人工合成磷酸铁加入去磷、去铁氧化物土壤的试验表明，有机肥对磷酸铁的活化率可高达30％。由于土壤中存在的铁氧化物对活化的磷起掩盖作用，因此，有机肥对土壤磷，尤其对Ca₂－P、Ca₈－P、Al-P和Fe－P的实际活化作用有可能比测定值还要高。

Abstract:In this paper, the effect of organic manure on activation to different form ofphosphorus was studied by addition of pig feces, rice straw and cellulose into the soilsin which different form of phosphorus was removed progressively by different reagentsin pretreatment. The results obtained from experiments showed that all P fractionscould be activated by organic manure under aerobic conditions. Pig feces showed a besteffect on the activation and the effect of rlce straw was better than that of cellulose.Under flooding conditions, however. organic manure would enhance phosphorus fixationwhich might be related to a strong adsorption of phosphorus by amorphous iron oxidesbecause a significant activation of phosphorus by organic manure was found againwhen Fe-P, O-P and iron oxides were removed from soils. It was showed by anexperiment of adding artificial Fe phosphate into a P and Fe oxides free soil that 30%of artificial iron phosphate was activated by organ1c manure during two weeks‘incubation. The real activation of phosphorus by organlc manure should be higher thanmeasure value due to the masklng effect of iron oxides on P activation.

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