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作 者 ：章永松;林咸永;罗安程

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 1998年 4卷 2期 页码：151-155

关键词：有机肥；有机酸；不同形态磷；溶解作用；

Keywords:Activation, Organic manure, Paddy soil, Phosphorus form,

摘 要 ：通过有机肥在不同土壤水分状况下分解产生的有机酸种类和数量检测、各种有机酸对不同磷酸盐的溶磷试验，对有机肥活化土壤磷的机理进行了研究。结果表明，无论在好气或淹水条件下，猪粪、稻草和纤维素均能明显增加土壤中有机酸含量，其作用为猪粪＞稻草＞纤维素；7种检出的有机酸对不同形态人工合成磷酸盐的溶磷能力为：草酸和乙酸对钙磷的溶磷均有一定效果，多数有机酸对铝磷的溶磷效果均不错，而柠檬酸对铁磷的溶磷效果最好。柠檬酸虽数量不及其它有机酸，但在有机肥活化土壤磷中所起的作用是最大的。铁磷在有机肥活化磷中的贡献较其它形态无机磷大。

Abstract:In this paper, the mechanism of the activation of organic manure to differentform of phosphorus in the soils was studied by detecting the variety and quantity oforganic acids from decomposition of organic manures in the soils under differentconditions and their effect on dissolution to different artificial phosphate. The resultsshowed that the contents of all dectected organic acids could be increased significantlyby addition of pig feces, rice straw and cellulose to the soi1s under both aerobic andanaerobic conditions. The effect of seven kinds of detected organic acids on Pdissolution varied with the form of phosphate. Majority of the organic acids showed agood effect on dissolution of AI-P. Both oxalic and acetic acids were strong in dissolvingall Ca phosphates while citric acids showed an extremely strong ability in dissolving Fe-P. Citric acid should play the largest role in activation of phosphorus in the soils byorganic manure although its content was lower than others. The contribution of Fe-P inthe soils to the P activated by organic manure should be the largest in that of all formsof phosphates.

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