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Effects of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics on Photosynthetic Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Wheat

土壤氮磷化学计量特征对小麦光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光参数的影响



全 文 :书!"#$%&
,2016,36(7):1435-1442
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(P% ()*+QRSTUV4-WGHXYZ[,
(]212013)
Q R:^ _‘]`168’AZ[ab,cdefZ[,9g16hijklmnop,qrijklmnV%stu
vwxy`z{z|}~t

€‚ƒ„…†‡z|}ˆ…†‰Š‹Œ

ŽijklmnV%st‘
’ay`z{€Œ“”Š‰MwM•–—

˜™š›
:(1)ijMœžy`z{z|}~tŸ kl¡¢ N
£¡¢P~t‰¤¥¦¤¥。(2) §klV%stuN∶Px¨,y`z{©€¡ª(犘n)«kl¬­m®¯
(≤258.4mg·kg-1)x°±¤¥,«4m®¯(308.4mg·kg-1)x²³´µ¤¶¨‰·7。(3)«kl¡¢N¸
j®¯vwx

klV%stu N∶P‰¨­¹º»4¼y`z{z|}ˆ…†½yˆ(犉0,7.27%~
20.00%)、½Pˆ(犉m,5.28%~16.15%)、V%¾¿’†(狇P,6.64%~20.92%)ÀZÁV%¢ª(ΦPSⅡ,
6.95%~18.82%),¹º¨­¼ÂV%¾¿’†(犖犘犙,7.42%~25.63%,犘<0.05)。GHÃA,«¬、4mnÄ
Å®¯x

klV%stuN∶PA2.88Æ,‘]`168’z{©€¡ª‡ZÁV%¢ªŸÇȽ4®¯,š´
ÉÊˉUÌdUÍ

STU

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z|}

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y`
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:Q945.79 !Z[\]:A
犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犛狅犻犾犖犻狋狉狅犵犲狀犪狀犱犘犺狅狊狆犺狅狉狌狊犛狋狅犻犮犺犻狅犿犲狋狉犻犮
犆犺犪狉犪犮狋犲狉犻狊狋犻犮狊狅狀犘犺狅狋狅狊狔狀狋犺犲狋犻犮犌犪狊犈狓犮犺犪狀犵犲犪狀犱
犆犺犾狅狉狅狆犺狔犾犉犾狌狅狉犲狊犮犲狀犮犲狅犳犠犺犲犪狋
FU Weiguo,WANGFankun,ZHAOYun,TENGBoqun,WANGYuxuan
(InstituteofAgriculturalEngineering,JiangsuUniversity,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu212013,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Toclarifytheeffectofstoichiometricofsoilavailablenitrogen(N)andphosphorus(P)onthe
photosyntheticcharacteristicofwheat,weconductedapotexperimentwith16differentNPlevelsto
examinethecharacteristicofphotosyntheticgasexchangeandfluorescenceparametersof‘Zhenmai168’in
responsetodifferentNPtreatments.Ourresultsshowedthat:(1)Thechlorophylcontentofthewheat
leavesincreasedwithanincreaseofsoilavailableNandP.(2)Photosynthesis(犘n)exhibitedacontinu
ouslyincreasingtrendwithdeclineofsoilN/PratioundertheconditionthatsoilavailableNwaslessthan
258.4mg·kg-1.Incontrast,photosynthesis(犘n)firstlyshowedanincreasingtrendandthendecreased
underhigherNlevelwith308.4mg·kg-1.(3)犉0,犉m,狇PandΦPSⅡvaluesofwheatincreased7.27%-
20.00%,5.28%-16.15%,6.64%-20.92% and6.95%-18.82%,respectively,and犖犘犙value
decreased7.42%-25.63%underdeclineofsoilN/PtreatmentswiththesamelevelofavailableN.Our
resultssuggestedthatbothof犘nandΦPSⅡofZhenmai168reachedthehighestlevelandshowedstronglight
energyuseefficiencyunderhigherNPlevelconditionwith2.88valueofN∶Pratio.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:ecologicalstoichiometry;photosyntheticphysiology;chlorophyl;nitrogenandphosphorus;wheat
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[1011],
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PNO/J%klN、PÎ}‰_‹UÍ[12]。kl
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[13]。
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«*î$‰MCð;¬

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defghiÔ°#$‚žÄÅÎ}HÓÕr‰x
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ŽË„y`…3

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efZ[

fzk_.(P%*+:;GH‡î
$fzˆšk‰
(0~25cm),kl~G–Š11.2g·
kg-1、¡¢m108.4mg·kg-1、¡¢n29.6mg·
kg-1,pH8.14。Ïͬ=‹­,klŒ¶,ð
5mmŽRd。
1.2 bcd:
ŽefklAa‘

šAN0P0),dðy
ek¬{¥NH4NO3 ‡ NaH2(PO4)·2H2O‰‚
’

àkl¡¢N‡¡¢P“pÇȔ9“p(Å
•šA N0P1、N0P2、N0P3、N1P0、N1P1、N1P2、
N1P3、N2P0、N2P1、N2P2、N2P3、N3P0、N3P1、N3P2、
N3P3),–16hvw。—vwklN、PV%stŒ
˜š1。™HZ[93hXš,™hXš3e。›
GvwŸñK2SO4(K74mg·kg-1)AœÏ,m、n、
ÏŸSŒkž€ŸŸ¶Qe

y`)2014Ù10
 14¡¢3,™e¢314£,3z¶¤¥7¦。
1.3 efg[hij
1.3.1 JKLk; ŕ)2015Ù3 18¡(§
¨
)、4 3¡(©ª)、4 24¡(«¬)13:00
c­y`®z

cd95%¯°»_,cdÅp
ƒqrz|}~t
[14]。
l1 mnbc45N犖、犘oph犖、犘89:;<=
Table1 N,PlevelsandN,Pstoichiometriccharacteristics
insoilwithdifferenttreatments
klN、P®¯
SoilN,Plevel
kl¡¢N
Soilavail.N
/(mg·kg-1)
kl¡¢P
Soilavail.P
/(mg·kg-1)
klN∶P
SoilN∶P
N0P0 108.4 29.6 3.66
N0P1 108.4 49.6 2.19
N0P2 108.4 69.6 1.56
N0P3 108.4 89.6 1.21
N1P0 208.4 29.6 7.04
N1P1 208.4 49.6 4.20
N1P2 208.4 69.6 2.99
N1P3 208.4 89.6 2.33
N2P0 258.4 29.6 8.73
N2P1 258.4 49.6 5.21
N2P2 258.4 69.6 3.71
N2P3 258.4 89.6 2.88
N3P0 308.4 29.6 10.42
N3P1 308.4 49.6 6.22
N3P2 308.4 69.6 4.43
N3P3 308.4 89.6 3.44
6341 ! " # $ % &                   36±
1.3.2 ABCDEFGH cd²BLi6400³
´µ’€îdqr¶
(LiCor6400,Lincoln,
USA),)2015Ù4 24¡(«¬)m·9:30~
10:00^¸/¹®zqr©€¡ª(犘n,μmol·
m-2·s-1)、ºp(犌s,mol·m-2·s-1)、9l
CO2 “p (犆i,μmol·mol
-1)
‡ » ¼ ¡ ª
(犜r,
mmol·m-2·s-1)=€‚ƒ„…†。
1.3.3 JKLMAGH )2015Ù4 25¡(«
¬

x·7:00~9:00,Ìd½—z|}ˆ¶
(ImagingPAM,HeinzWalz,Effeltrich,Germany)
äsü’¾z|}ˆ…†‰qt

«qtYŕ
a_†y`äs30min‰¿vw,ï¶,ÀÁz|
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Âöa

Ķa.Å^±Æ½—q
t
(measuringlight,ML)‡Ç‡ÈÉ(satura
tionpulse,SP),qÊz{z|}½yˆ犉0、½P
ˆ犉m ŽÀPSⅡ½PV%t7Öt犉v/犉m;ï
¶ÂÃ581μmol·m
-2·s-1‰V(actinic
light,AL),äsz|}ˆÅÍ%ˈq†,
™Ì20sÂÃüýLJÈÉ,K¦ÍÊLJÈÉÎ
χüÐz|}ˆ…†ÑZÁV%¢ªΦPSⅡ、
V%Ò¿狇P‡ÂV%Ò¿犖犘犙=。
z|}ˆÅÍ%ˈq†¶

9g€
G¢ÓÔ
(犘犃犚)A0、1、21、41、76、134、205、298、
456、581、726、923‡1176μmol·m
-2·s-1‰Ë
op

™oplÌÆlA20s,äs犚犔犆‰qr,K
¦ÊȸaÕ7Öסª犈犜犚。
1.4 HqrsIt:Xu
a—vw®¯‰3ýXš_¯ŸØ¶äs‚Ù
ÅÚ
(Anova),M«α=0.05®¯xäsTukeyÛ
XuÊ

2 ˜™SÅÚ
2.1 vw45犖、犘>?@JxJKLk;NOP
ijklN、Pvw®¯xy`z{z|}~
tqr˜™

š2)¹,—vwy`«Ä§¨→
©ª→«¬ÜüMC>œä;¬,òz{z|
}~tŸ³°±¤¥‰·7

ÝÄ©ªÈ«¬
¤ÞÊP

—Mœžz{z|}‰~t kl N
‡P®¯‰¤¥¦¤P;klñÏta)ijMC
pq‰y`z{¬z|}~t‰ãä;pß«Ù
à

«¬y`z{¬z|}‰¤tŸ4)§¨
‡©ª

áI

y`z{z|}~ta)klN
‡Pš´Éijgr。Ñ«y`«¬,«N0 vw
âãx

z{¬z|}~t §klN∶P‰¨­Å
•uP0 ¤¥¼11.82%、20.45%‡42.81%;«P0 v
wâãx

z{¬z|}~t §klN∶P‰¤¥
ŕuN0 ¤¥¼23.32%、24.60%‡41.21%。
2.2 vw45犖、犘op>?@JxABCDEF
GHNOP
  Kš3áäÉ,«kl¡¢ N~ty)258.4
mg·kg-1Æ,k« N0、N1 ‡ N2 vw®¯x,y`
z{©€¡ª
(犘n) klN∶P‰¨­³´É¤
¥‰·7

¦åkl¡¢ N ~tA308.4mg·
kg-1Æ,k« N3 vw®¯x,ò犘n  kl N∶P
‰¨­¦³´Éµ¤¥¶¨­‰·7

«kl¡¢
P®¯¸jvwx,y`z{犘n  klN∶P‰¤
¥¦¤¥

柫kl¡¢ N~tA258.4mg·
kg-1(N2)ÆÇȽ4Ø。«kl¡¢N®¯¸j
vwx
,犘n¯ŸØ klN∶P‰x¨Å•¤¥¼
2.59%、6.85%‡8.33%;«kl¡¢P®¯¸j
vwx
,犘n¯ŸØ klN∶P‰¤¥Å•¤¥¼
3.98%、13.66%‡10.44%。
  jÆ,š3繐,y`z{犌s‡犜rakl¡
¢N‡Pvwš´É¸j‰Š‹LV·7,«kl
¡¢N®¯¸jvwx,è韠klN∶P‰¨
­³´É°±¤¥‰·7

«kl¡¢P®¯¸j
vwx

è韠klN∶P‰¤¥š´Éµ¤¥¶
¨­‰·7

柫kl¡¢N~tA258.4mg·
kg-1(N2)ÆÇȽPØ(N0P1 ‡ N3P3 vw犜r ê
I

h‚
)。
«kl¡¢N®¯¸jvwx,犌s
¯ŸØ kl N∶P‰x¨Å•¤¥¼16.82%、
30.84%‡28.97%,¦犜r ¯ŸØ kl N∶P‰
x¨Å•¤¥¼9.65%、16.37%‡17.22%;«k
l¡¢P®¯¸jvwx,犌s ¯ŸØ kl N∶P
‰¤¥Å•¤¥¼16.35%、43.27%‡30.77%,¦
犜r¯ŸØ klN∶P‰¤¥Å•¤¥¼8.02%、
21.62%‡16.82%。(I,y`z{9lCO2 “p
(犆i)ë6”Š§z{‰€¡ª,ò«ijkl¡
¢N、P®¯vwlìß«¹ºÙà(犘<0.05)。
«kl¡¢N®¯¸jvwx,犆iØ klN∶P
‰x¨³´É°±¤¥‰·7

ò¯ŸØŕ¤¥
¼6.09%、7.28%‡8.12%;¦«kl¡¢P®¯
¸jvwx
,犆iز kl N∶P‰¤¥³´Éµ
¨­¶¤¥‰LV·7

ò¯ŸØ«P1 ®¯x¨­
¼1.33%,¦«P2 ‡P3 ®¯x¯ŸØŕ¤¥¼
6.47%‡7.96%。
73417      @AB,=:klmnV%stŒay`€‚ƒ„…†‡z|}ˆ…†‰”Š
l2 vw4567opy?@JxJKLk;z8
Table2 Thechlorophylcontentofwheatleavesunderdifferentnitrogenandphosphorusapplicationlelels
klN、P®¯
SoilN,Plevel
z{z|}~tLeafchlorophylcontent/(mg·g-1)
§¨
Jointingstage
©ª
Bootingstage
«¬
Filingstage
N0P0 2.290±0.102i 2.452±0.103h 3.125±0.101j
N0P1 2.514±0.135h 2.762±0.116g 3.497±0.104i
N0P2 2.545±0.134gh 2.858±0.109fg 3.770±0.112h
N0P3 2.725±0.126fg 3.046±0.103de 4.465±0.132cde
N1P0 2.742±0.108ef 2.835±0.131fg 3.861±0.128gh
N1P1 2.825±0.112cd 2.941±0.105ef 4.067±0.122fg
N1P2 2.919±0.123bc 3.139±0.118cde 4.247±0.142ef
N1P3 3.046±0.113bc 3.240±0.124bc 4.540±0.152cd
N2P0 2.688±0.108fg 2.852±0.101fg 3.797±0.133h
N2P1 2.786±0.129de 2.929±0.122ef 4.273±0.142ef
N2P2 2.929±0.138bc 3.202±0.137bc 4.343±0.105de
N2P3 3.131±0.131ab 3.276±0.126bc 4.666±0.149bc
N3P0 2.664±0.142fg 3.092±0.109cd 4.423±0.123cde
N3P1 2.756±0.124ef 3.179±0.147cd 4.647±0.162bc
N3P2 3.095±0.116ab 3.413±0.127b 4.786±0.158ab
N3P3 3.277±0.143a 3.649±0.133a 4.971±0.161a
í

j¾ijîvwl«0.05®¯ß«¹º“Ùà,xj
Note:Thedifferentnormallettersinthesamecolumnindicatedsignificantdifferenceamongtreatmentsat0.05level.Thesameasbelow
l3 vw4567opyABCDEFGH
Table3 Photosyntheticgasparametersofdifferentnitrogenandphosphorusapplicationlevels
klN、P®¯
SoilN,Plevel
klN∶P
SoilN∶P
©€¡ª
犘n/(μmol·m-2·s-1)
ºp
犌s/(mol·m-2·s-1)
»¼¡ª
犜r/(mmol·m-2·s-1)
9lCO2“p
犆i/(μmol·mol-1)
N0P0 3.66 12.5±0.02i 0.22±0.02k 3.46±0.20o 138±10.2i
N0P1 2.19 13.3±0.74h 0.26±0.04i 4.01±0.21i 155±11.2ef
N0P2 1.56 13.3±0.09h 0.28±0.05h 3.84±0.52l 152±10.5fg
N0P3 1.21 13.6±0.39f 0.28±0.02h 3.91±0.28k 158±12.8de
N1P0 7.04 13.5±0.28g 0.25±0.03j 3.77±0.04n 142±13.4h
N1P1 4.20 13.6±0.05f 0.29±0.03g 3.80±0.47m 144±10.7h
N1P2 2.99 13.6±0.84f 0.32±0.03f 4.22±0.41g 149±14.1g
N1P3 2.33 14.1±0.12e 0.35±0.04d 4.65±0.41d 160±12.1cd
N2P0 8.73 14.4±0.47d 0.32±0.01f 3.93±0.34j 149±12.4g
N2P1 5.21 14.4±0.10d 0.36±0.07c 4.65±0.15d 165±11.5ab
N2P2 3.71 15.4±0.11b 0.40±0.04b 4.90±0.25b 165±13.5ab
N2P3 2.88 15.7±0.87a 0.41±0.03a 5.03±0.19a 163±11.9bc
N3P0 10.42 13.6±0.25f 0.28±0.03h 4.17±0.12h 162±12.2bc
N3P1 6.22 14.1±0.06e 0.34±0.01e 4.35±0.38f 163±13.8bc
N3P2 4.43 15.4±0.46b 0.40±0.03b 4.88±0.42c 168±14.2a
N3P3 3.44 15.1±0.31c 0.34±0.02e 4.38±0.70e 158±10.7de
8341 ! " # $ % &                   36±
2.3 vw45犖、犘op>?@JxJKLMAG
HNOP
  š4¹,«kl¡¢ N®¯¸jvwx,z
{犉0 ؇犉m Ø kl N∶P‰¨­³´É°±
¤¥·7

«kl¡¢P®¯¸jvwx,z{犉0
 klN∶P‰¤¥³´Éµ¤¥¶·)¯Õ‰L
V·7

¦z{犉m  klN∶P‰¤¥³´µ¤¥
¶¨­‰LV·7

柫kl¡¢ N ~tA
258.4mg·kg-1(N2)vwÆÇȽP。«kl¡
¢N®¯¸jvwx,z{犉0 ¯ŸØ klN∶P
‰¨­Å•¤¥¼7.27%、14.55%‡20.00%,犉m
¯ŸØŕ¤¥¼5.28%、9.94%‡16.15%;«k
l¡¢P®¯¸jvwx,z{犉0 ¯ŸØ kl
N∶P ‰¤¥Å•¤¥¼ 15.09%、22.64% ‡
20.75%,犉m ¯ŸØŕ¤¥¼7.35%、24.28%‡
12.14%。«N0 vw®¯x,z{犉v/犉m  klN∶
P‰¨­³´Éµ¤¥¶¨­‰LV·7,«N1 ‡
N2 vw®¯x² kl N∶P‰¤¥³´É¨­
‰LV·7

¦«N3 vw®¯x klN∶P‰¤
¥³´É¤¥‰LV·7

«P0 ‡P1 vw®¯
x

z{犉v/犉m  klN∶P‰¤¥Ÿ³´Éµ¤
¥¶¨­‰LV·7

¦«P2 ‡P3 vw®¯x,z
{犉v/犉m  klN∶P‰¤¥Ÿ³´Éµ¨­¶¤
¥‰LV·7

æ«kl¡¢N~tA258.4mg·
kg-1(N2)vwÆÇȽP。«kl¡¢N®¯¸
jvwx

z{犉v/犉m ¯ŸØ klN∶P‰¨­
ŕ¤¥¼0.18%、0.70%‡0.67%;«kl¡¢P
®¯¸jvwx

z{犉v/犉m ¯ŸØ klN∶P‰
¤¥Å•¤¥¼1.70%、3.13%‡1.33%。


Ě4çáð,«kl¡¢ N®¯¸j
vwx

y`z{狇P‡ΦPSⅡŸ kl N∶P‰¨
­³´É°±¤¥‰LV·7

¦y`z{ 犖犘犙
² kl N∶P‰¨­³´É°±*ñ‰LV·
7

«kl¡¢P®¯¸jvwx,y`z{狇P
‡ΦPSⅡŸ klN∶P‰¤¥³´Éµ¤¥¶¨­
‰LV·7

柫kl¡¢N~tA258.4mg·
kg-1(N2)vwÆÇȽP;¦y`z{犖犘犙² 
kl N∶P‰¤¥³´Éµ¨­¶¤¥‰LV·
7

柫kl¡¢ N ~tA258.4mg·kg-1
(N2)vwƽy。«kl¡¢N®¯¸jvwx,
y`z{狇P¯ŸØ kl N∶P‰¨­Å•¤¥
¼6.64%、10.41%‡20.92%,ΦPSⅡ¯ŸØŕ¤
¥¼6.95%、9.07%‡18.82%,犖犘犙¯ŸØ²Å
•¨­¼7.42%、11.69%‡25.63%;«kl¡¢
P®¯¸jvwx,狇P¯ŸØ klN∶P‰¤¥
ŕ¤¥¼12.49%、25.40%‡13.65%,ΦPSⅡ¯Ÿ
Øŕ¤¥¼9.33%、31.38%‡14.07%,犖犘犙¯
ŸØ²Å•¨­¼16.53%、32.76%‡20.95%。
l4 vw4567opy?@JxJKLMAGH
Table4 Thephotosyntheticfluorescenceparametersofdifferentnitrogenandphosphorusapplicationlevels
klN、P®¯
SoilN,Plevel
klN∶P
SoilN∶P
½yˆ
犉0
½Pˆ
犉m
½PV%Öt
犉v/犉m
V%Ò¿
狇P
ÂV%Ò¿
犖犘犙
ZÁV%Öt
ΦPSⅡ
N0P0 3.66 0.011±0.0005f 0.065±0.007l 0.782±0.007i 0.424±0.04i 0.659±0.02a 0.287±0.06i
N0P1 2.19 0.012±0.0011e 0.075±0.007k 0.801±0.009h 0.525±0.01h 0.647±0.04a 0.295±0.04h
N0P2 1.56 0.014±0.0006d 0.082±0.001h 0.826±0.002cd 0.561±0.06g 0.647±0.05a 0.314±0.06g
N0P3 1.21 0.016±0.0007b 0.091±0.005d 0.823±0.009de 0.651±0.01c 0.443±0.06efg 0.369±0.04d
N1P0 7.04 0.014±0.0002d 0.081±0.002i 0.828±0.003c 0.588±0.01ef 0.557±0.04b 0.335±0.04f
N1P1 4.20 0.015±0.0006c 0.082±0.005h 0.821±0.006ef 0.588±0.04ef 0.518±0.07c 0.336±0.07f
N1P2 2.99 0.016±0.0003b 0.086±0.002g 0.819±0.003ef 0.604±0.07de 0.482±0.05d 0.341±0.05e
N1P3 2.33 0.016±0.0008b 0.087±0.004f 0.819±0.004f 0.651±0.06c 0.443±0.01efg 0.371±0.05d
N2P0 8.73 0.015±0.0004c 0.097±0.004b 0.844±0.006a 0.643±0.07c 0.443±0.07efg 0.381±0.05c
N2P1 5.21 0.016±0.0010b 0.096±0.003c 0.837±0.007b 0.655±0.02c 0.439±0.03fg 0.415±0.03b
N2P2 3.71 0.017±0.0008a 0.098±0.007a 0.826±0.007cd 0.675±0.08b 0.388±0.04h 0.418±0.03b
N2P3 2.88 0.017±0.0005a 0.098±0.005a 0.826±0.007cd 0.737±0.02 a 0.341±0.05i 0.448±0.03a
N3P0 10.42 0.015±0.0006c 0.079±0.005j 0.815±0.004g 0.573±0.01fg 0.565±0.05b 0.320±0.04g
N3P1 6.22 0.016±0.0004b 0.086±0.004g 0.816±0.003g 0.608±0.04d 0.455±0.02e 0.369±0.04d
N3P2 4.43 0.016±0.0007b 0.088±0.004e 0.821±0.008ef 0.620±0.01d 0.447±0.03ef 0.370±0.06d
N3P3 3.44 0.017±0.0004a 0.098±0.003a 0.823±0.005de 0.655±0.04c 0.427±0.04g 0.384±0.07c
93417      @AB,=:klmnV%stŒay`€‚ƒ„…†‡z|}ˆ…†‰”Š
Î1 ijklmn®¯xy`z{犈犜犚‰ò¡óô
Fig.1 Lightresponsecurvesof犈犜犚underdifferentnitrogenandphosphorusapplicationlevels
š›klN、P~t‡klN∶Pa‘]`168’õ¥
z{‰犉0、犉m、犉v/犉m、狇P、犖犘犙 ÀΦPSⅡG¹º”
Š
(犘<0.05)。Žm˜™E›«kl¡¢N~tA
258.4mg·kg-1(N2),kl¡¢P~tA89.6mg·
kg-1(P3),k«xZ[‰¬、4klN、PÄÅ®¯
x

klN∶PA2.88Æ,y`z{½PV%Ö
t

V%Ò¿‡ZÁV%ÖtŸÇÈÊ4®¯

š´ÉÊˉUÌdUÍ

2.4 vw45犖、犘op>?@Jxl{|}~
€
(犈犜犚)‚ƒNOP
  ÄÎ1áð,å€G¢ÓÔK0~200μmol·
m-2·s-1Æ,ijkl¡¢N、P®¯vwly`‰
犈犜犚ØÙàöy,š´Aò¡óôΉ4pX
€

 §€G¢ÓÔÄ200μmol·m
-2·s-1m÷
Ø1200μmol·m
-2·s-1,ijvwly`‰犈犜犚
ØÙàLP

š´Aò¡óôÎÉ´¼ij;p
䁿

}‚m

«¸jkl¡¢ N®¯x,犈犜犚
؟ klN∶P‰¨­¦÷4,MŽN2P3 vwx
½4
,N0P0 vwx½­。ùtÑY›ú,—vwl
ò¡óôÎÉ´¼ij;p‰Åø

ÝÙ๺
“uʹ

«¸jN0、N1 ‡N2 ®¯x,P1、P2 ‡
P3 —vw犈犜犚؟¹º4)P0 vw(犘<0.05);
¦¸jN3 ®¯x,P2 ‡P3 vw¹º4)P0 vw
(犘<0.05),¦P1 SP0 vwlÙài¹º。š›
klN、P~t‡klN∶Pa‘]`168’õ¥z{
‰犈犜犚ØFG¹º”Š。
3 û 4
klÄÅüãËPݔŠ§#$‰HӘ|

䦔Š#$Mw`U‰>í
[12],
(-.kl
N、PV%stŒSz{z|}~t‰‘’GÌ
)ýÁ¼þkl N、PÄÅüãaz{€`U‰
”Š

dðGHijkl¡¢ N、P®¯a‘]`
168’z{z|}~t‰”Šáð,«kl¡¢P®
¯¸jvwx

z{z|}~t kl N∶P‰¤
¥¦¤¥

Ü1AN}1z|}‰/JHÓÎ}
ÿü

ÜS«:;®¯mz{N}®¯S€îd
U͎À’[1516]。
z|‚1#$äs€îd‰/Jab

z|
‚žz|}~t‰4­ë6”Šz{€U͉P
y

a)y`

«¬z{‰€îd$A%&


€UÍPyËP”ŠØ(ry`½)Öt‰4
­
[17]。
xZ[¬

«kl¡¢P®¯¸jvwx,
y`z{犘n §klN∶P‰¤¥³µ÷¶¨‰
0441 ! " # $ % &                   36±
·7

*؛a‹‰kl¡¢N~tA258.4mg·
kg-1;«kl¡¢N®¯¸jvwx,y`z{犘n
 klN∶P‰¨­°±¤¥。Žm˜™áU1Ä
)y`«­klN、P®¯Æ,òz{¬z|}~t
ð­

#òz{+UÍ,
[18]。
XY-.edŽ
x‚ƒ/0klN£PÄÅj—]³,kљ#$
abž13Î}Skl¬2Î}‰_‹UÍÓW
u

²E›Ü3#$MC32Î}j—
[19]。
xGH
4Ž#$‰€UÍSkl¬ N£P=/JÄÅ
Î}_‹UÍu‰‘’&/0kl N£PÄÅj
—]³

>´y`z{犘n  kl¡¢P~t‰¤
¥¦¤P

¦Skl¡¢N~t‰¤¥M5é°°
±¤¥‰·7

E›¼ N、P{¥Ykl¡¢P1

]`168’WeMC‰j—Î},ÜS Aerts=‰
GH˜™ü#
[20]。
z|‚žz|}~t‰4­jÆ씊#$‰
ü’¾z|}ˆ…†

z|}ˆe/d)67
#$€’<‰`UÀòa—]NOø8‰Š‹U
Í
[2122]。
îAz|}ˆ…†¬½AXJ%9ÿ
ü‰犉v/犉m,:;‰1Òð¿vw¶#$PSⅡ:‹
¬<‰½PV%¢ª

òØ=P

E›#$‰U
Ìd¢ª‰>Í=P
[23]。
deüãx

PۆC3
#$犉v/犉m ØA0.80~0.84。å#$犉v/犉m Ø­
)ÜüSTÆ

E›#$áUv)13ø8NO¬

?—

NOø8=
)[2425]。
«xGH¬

ۆk
lN、P®¯vwy`z{犉v/犉m uØLViP,
æ@«0.80~0.84STÿl;¦a‘(N0P0)vw
犉v/犉m uعº¨­,AA0.782。ÜáU1A
a‘vw‰z|}~tð­

àÊz{‰jVUÍ

€ÓB‰~tŽÀB‰C“x¨

ä¦#z{+
Uͨ­‰DE
[18]。
U/zF89¬z|}
Å7Gè¶

üHG33+,äsIJ:d)€î
d

ŽK‰L’JMN‡>Ôz|}ˆ

Ü33
+,lO¸PQ

ŽØ)1ü3+,IJt¤¥

R
#òS+,IJt‰*ñ
[26]。
deâãx

z|
Tˆ›U‰†tu2öy

#$Gè‰UPJ
Å/d)€îd

kV%Ò¿狇P,£éŽK‰
L’JMN

kÂV%Ò¿犖犘犙[27]。Evan=[28]
‰GHš›€Õ7Ö×iVW)z{ N}‰~
t

XYZ=
[29]
>´[剤ñnÏᎻ4Y
\z{犉0、犉m Àz|‚’<Ⅱ‰V%¢ª。
xZ[¬

klN∶Pa狇P、犖犘犙、ΦPSⅡÀ犈犜犚Ÿ
G¹º”Š
(犘<0.05)。«kl¡¢N®¯¸jv
wx

kl N∶Pa狇P、ΦPSⅡ‡犈犜犚 š´AV¢
‹

a犖犘犙š´AW¢‹;«kl¡¢P®¯¸j
vwx

klN∶Pa狇P、ΦPSⅡ‡犈犜犚š´AW¢
‹

a犖犘犙š´AV¢‹。ܚ› §kl¡¢
N、P®¯‰»4,jÆ»4¼y`PSⅡ:‹¬“

䦻4ò]U^„¢ª

*ñaGèU
‰KJM

E› N、PÏU_»4‘]`168’õ¥
z{‰€UÍ

LZm

«犈犜犚 ò¡óôÎ
¬

ijvwl犈犜犚Ø4­Ùà/J!)ΦPSⅡ4
­Ùà

A犈犜犚=ΦPSⅡ×犘犃犚×0.5×0.84,
(

Ü`犈犜犚 ŕ‡YÞΦPSⅡ ŕš´¸ü#。
áI

#N0P0 vw犈犜犚ØÊ­‰1Ä)2
vw犖犘犙 ØÊ4‰DE,kGè‰UÊÛݎ
K‰L’JM¼

am›ú

«xZ[wbx

ijkl¡¢ N、
P~tay`‘]`168’z{‰z|}~t、€
‚ƒ„…†‡z|}ˆ…†FGij‰”Š

(1) §kl¡¢ N、P~t‰¤¥,‘]`168’y
`z{z|}~t³´°±¤¥‰LV·7

ÝÄ
©ªÈ«¬¤ÞÊP

æ«chMC>œpq
z{z|}~tš´A

«¬>©ª>§¨。
(2)‘]`168’z{犘n«N0、N1 ‡N2 vw®¯x
 klN∶P‰¨­³´É¤¥‰·7,¦N3 vw
®¯x klN∶P‰¨­¦³´Éµ¤¥¶¨­
‰·7

«kl¡¢P®¯¸jvwx,z{犘n  
klN∶P‰¤¥¦¤¥。‘]`168’z{犌s ‡
犜r«kl¡¢ N®¯¸jvwxŸ kl N∶P
‰¨­³´É°±¤¥

«klP®¯¸jvwx
Ÿ kl N∶P‰¤¥š´Éµ¤¥¶¨­‰·
7
。(3)‘]`168’z{‰V%Ò¿(狇P)、ZÁ
V%¢ª
(ΦPSⅡ)‡šdÕ7Öסª(犈犜犚)«k
l¡¢N、P~tŕA258.4‡89.6mg·kg-1
ƟÊ4

¹N2、P3 vw®¯xy`FGÊ4‰
UÌd¢ª

¦æ N2P3 vwy`‰UÌd¢
ª½4

åkl¡¢ N、P~tŕA108.4‡
29.6mg·kg-1Æ,z{狇P、ΦPSⅡ‡犈犜犚ŸÊ­,¹
(vw®¯x

]`168’š´ÉÊ­‰UÌd
¢ª



z{犉v/犉m ¹,klN‡PŕA
108.4‡29.6mg·kg-1vwx,‘]`168’õ¥Ñ
v)?—ø8ü•

}ÿ

klV%stu N∶P
A2.88Æ(N2P3 vw),‘]`168’z{©€¡
ª‡ZÁV%¢ªÅ•ÇȽ4®¯

š´ÉÊ
ˉUÌdUÍ

14417      @AB,=:klmnV%stŒay`€‚ƒ„…†‡z|}ˆ…†‰”Š
G„!Z

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