Abstract:9 provenances of Tsuga dumosa(D.Don) Eichler were collected from 5 distribution areas in Yunnan. The quantitative trait variation of different provenances was studied and provenance test was carried out. The variance analysis showed that there were significant differences in the 12 quantitative traits among the provenances. It was found that geograph, water and temperature were the main factors affecting the morphological differentiation by using the method of principal component analysis. Correlation analysis indicated that geographic variation of Tsuga dumosa (D.Don) Eichler was continuous by altitude gradient, and the variation was random by latitude factor. After three-year cultivation, there were distinct differences in growth characteristics among 9 provenances. 4 superior provenances were selected according to the standard height of 3-year-old seedling.