免费文献传递   相关文献

The Productivity and Quality of Different Forage Grass Varieties

不同种牧草的产量和品质



全 文 :!23" !5#
 Vol.23  No.5
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  9%
  Sep.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.05.024
‡ˆ„!(0s°að…
„Ê

Q‘
,
¤G¿

[ X

+¬°+034ìÞ:9˜™]ìÞ:9íž8;
J3 3°810008)
45

•+¬°+034ìæNßkYè}Š$:XdN
(犔狅犾犻狌犿狆犲狉犲狀狀犲)、wXd(犜狉犻狋犻犮犪犾犲犺犲狓犪狆犾狅犻犱犲)、5d
(犃狏犲狀犪狊犪狋犻狏犪)=]^LMN(犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊)G˜™K_,KÒúNë、,NáâGù;ijk,}I‹WX,N
Búë=Gù

lmPJ

wXdÜNúëG1345.50g· m-2,—r즊$:XdN(974.93g· m-2)、]^
LMN
(301.75g· m-2)=5d(329.60g· m-2)。wXdúë5]^LMN=5dÜNúëB4~4.5[,5
XdNÜNúëB1.4[。]^LMNèéê(CP)Ìë—r즊$:XdN=wXd(犘<0.05),Š$:Xd
Nèéê
(CP)Ìëvw。œY/Âèéê(CP)úë、è((EE)úë、+gòóPI(NDF)úë=sgòóPI
(ADF)úë}Š$:XdNvì,—rì¦wXd、]^LMN=5d(犘<0.05)。
678

,N

úë


9:;<=
:S812.5    >?@AB:A     >CD=:10070435(2015)05106404
犜犺犲犘狉狅犱狌犮狋犻狏犻狋狔犪狀犱犙狌犪犾犻狋狔狅犳犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犉狅狉犪犵犲犌狉犪狊狊犞犪狉犻犲狋犻犲狊
ZOUXiaoyan,LUOCaiyun,XUShixiao,ZHAOLiang
(KeyLaboratoryofAdaptationandEvolutionofPlateauBiota,NorthwestInstituteofPlateauBiology,
ChineseAcademyofSciences,Xining,QinghaiProvince810008,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Inordertoinvestigatethedifferencesofyieldandqualityamongdifferentforagegrassvarieties,
theseveralquantityandqualityindicesofannualryegrass (犔狅犾犻狌犿 狆犲狉犲狀狀犲),triticale (犜狉犻狋犻犮犪犾犲
犺犲狓犪狆犾狅犻犱犲),oat(犃狏犲狀犪狊犪狋犻狏犪)and犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊(犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊)weremeasuredattheHaibeiAlpine
MeadowEcosystemResearchStation(HBAMERS),afieldstationoftheNorthwestInstituteofPlateau
Biology,ChineseAcademyofSciences.Theresultsshowedthatthehayyieldoftriticalewas1345.50g·
m-2,significantlyhigherthanthatofannualryegrass(974.93g· m-2),犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊(301.75g·
m-2)andoat(329.60g· m-2);andtherewasnosignificantdifferencebetween犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊andoats.
Thehayyieldoftriticalewas4~4.5timeshigherthanthatof犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊andoat,and1.4times
higherthanthatofannualryegrass.Thecrudeproteincontentof犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊iswassignificantlyhigher
thanthatofannualryegrassandtriticale(犘<0.05),folowedbytriticale,whileryegrasshadthelowest
content.Thecrudefatcontentoftriticalewassignificantlylowerthanthatofperennialryegrass,犈犾狔犿狌狊
狀狌狋犪狀狊andoat.Therewasnosignificantdifferenceincrudefatcontentsamongannualryegrass,犈犾狔犿狌狊
狀狌狋犪狀狊andoat.Theyieldperunitareaofcrudeprotein,crudefat,neutraldetergentfiberoracidwashing
fiberwerethehighestinannualryegrass(255.76g· m-2),significantlyhigherthanthatoftheother
threegrasses,i.e.was4~5timeshigherthanthatoftriticale,and7~8timeshigherthanthatof犈犾狔
犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊andoats.Thecrudeproteinyieldsof犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊andoatswerenotsignificantlydeviated.
Ryegrasshadthehighestthecontentofaciddetergentlignin,folowedby犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊andtriticale,and
oatshadthelowestone(犘<0.05).
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Foragegrass;Yield;Quality
EFGH
:20140822;IJGH:20141215
KLMN

J32°•ƒ²³
(2015ZJ706);¬­°•ÉÊÁØ(2012BAD13B01)(2014BAC05B04)´ µ
OPQR

•wü
(1983),Ë,©¼à»,¼½,./˜,¾D¿À,Náâ:X˜™,Email:dayan2200@163.com;ÇÈÅÆ Author
forcorrespondence,Email:luocy88@163.com
  ³0d–Nñº,¿yB=!†»ÓKOúG
BF×ëBWeñ*

ÂÀBó‘:úN©(W
âèÍO,)@kBD×

óNåï©áGL,O
,)@kBiì
[1]。
óN5@kNñO,)B9ù
!5# •wü!:WXY,NBúë=Gù
‡Ã

5>O:u@TBâë=9ù…†

d–0
¬O,)BWe@k

>OEpWeñ 

Kó‘B
F×Weñu

óN‘Bùë=pëáHL,O,
)@kB\DĒ

RÆ5•NÞ,Ý

óN‘L
,NñO,)@kBĒ#G"

,NGù•,
NB½YŽ{†*¥+ٍmnCDBñY


ëÒó¥ôõBCD«¬

5,NBv‡TBRg
’Š

,NBùëWw67N–Q9B:u=@
T

q67OúGBúë=ùë

ÎìNñúë=
Gù5O,)@kB@q

T˜™}4YìÞ,Ý
n?».Nñð8ÉT°,NGU

KÒÜNú
ë†ÒGù;iȚ˜™

ƒ•˜™WX,NGY
K,Núë=GùBé@67

GÒãùìúΏ
XWÔ½

1 STYUV
1.1 ^š¬òó—˜
UV¦2013$•+¬°+034ìÞ:9˜™
]34ìæNß:AÀkYè;i

34èñ^J
¤ìÞ¬4±BJ334¤Ê®@2w†ºŽ‚

•ý7Ü4ÉB0ç¬àþ`ñB*Ç&&$3
à

ñXYZG N37°29′~37°45′,E101°12′~
101°23′。3èñ€UÝ,34•3200~3600m(ð_
°jè34ì¨G3220m);3݋$(1981-2013)
$L–ÊKë524.96mm,$L–ó@ë1238mm,
$
(1981-2013)L–ð_-1.14℃。$‚VbKV
Ž#

ƒKVŽ#,G20d,•v9B7%l|A
Ž@

lQ

Ê·

ål·

!cðA_

BîæB

Ü
’

“u

ßîà‘

ìí

å

ËÌX
Ë̍›ÆÌëG55.8g·kg-1,|ÚÌëG13.0
g·kg-1,|rÌëG0.70g·kg-1,|ÇÌëG
5.37g·kg-1,ËÌpHõG8.2,ËÌ0~10cmA
CG1.05g·cm-3[2]。
1.2 ^š›œ
T˜™¾DŒx4Yn?B».Y8,NG
Y

îŠ$:XdN
(犔狅犾犻狌犿狆犲狉犲狀狀犲L.)(ÿYë
G315kg· ha-1)、wXd(犜狉犻狋犻犮犪犾犲犺犲狓犪狆犾狅犻犱犲
Lart.)(ÿYëG260kg·ha-1)、5d(犃狏犲狀犪狊犪
狋犻狏犪L.)(ÿYëG600kg·ha-1)=‹$:]^
LMN
(犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊 Griseb.)(ÿYëG 32
kg·ha-1)。”eUVwÝ/ÂG4.5m×4.0
m,wÝ8wݒ“2mB‡‡;”Y,N4eC
M

‹$:,N¦2012$5%ùÿY;Š$:,N
¦”$5%+‚ÿY。
1.3 fgMN¥UV
úë

ñ‚:9ëB¥ÐJÓ

¦8%+š‚,
89:9ëÄÅv*“

”ewÝd›Œx1m×
1mB&N—ñ/ÜÇÌ105℃èJ,¯ ÌïÜי
C

Á.ÜNúë

®¯ïܙCBN&¥œQ89&Gš7›š
7

š7›§ø¥1mm§,š7ÌB89&G¥¦
jk1²«¬

èéêÌëjkB¥°PkÇÓ

è(ÌëjkB¥…P–ÎÓ

sgòóPI=
+gòóPIÌëjkB¥ VanSoestBNÓ[3]。
sgòóhùFÌëB¥12M Ûs–oÌòó×
+g

/Ü]C

Ùø²³gÌBÉ]C

Á.Dõ

1.4 hijk
*¥Excel2003=SPSS(16.0,SPSSInc.,Chica
go,IL,USA)ÀÁ¿‘;iÀÁz{^X。:9ë=
,NGùBDoB¥ OnewayANOVA ;iz{,
LSDÓ;i‹CȚ,—rgKLG犘≤0.05。
2 lmY;n
2.1 ‡ˆ„!(0s°
wXdÜNúëG1345.50g· m-2,—rì
¦Š$:XdN
(974.93g· m-2)、]^LMN
(301.75g· m-2)=5d(329.60g· m-2),]^
LMN=5d’“DoW—r

wXdúë5]^
LMN=5dÜNúëB4~4.5[,5Š$:Xd
NÜNúëB1.4[(×1)。
:1 ‡ˆ„!(0s°
Fig.1 Yieldsofdifferentforagegrassvarieties
5601
! " # $ !23"
2.2 ‡ˆ„!(0:;ø°
]^LMNèéêÌë—r즊$:XdN
=wXd
(犘<0.05),wXdèéêÌëü’,Š$:
XdNèéêÌëvw

wXdè(Ìë—rÚ
¦Š$:XdN

]^LMN=5d

Š$:XdN

]^LMN=5dè(ÌëDoW—r

+gò
óPIÌë}]^LMNvì

5dü’

Š$:X
dNvw

sgòóPIÌë}]^LMNvì

—
r즊$:XdN

wXd=5d

ˆŠ$:Xd
N

wXd=5d’“DoW—r

sgòóhùF
Ìë}]^LMNvì

Š$:XdNü’

wXd
=5dvw‰«Æ’“DoW—r

P1)。
\1 ‡ˆ„!(0:;ø°
Table1 Nutrientcontentsofdifferentforagegrassvarieties %
^ X Treatment
èéêÌë
CPcontent
è(Ìë
EEcontent
+gòóPIÌë
NDFcontent
sgòóPIÌë
ADFcontent
sgòóhùFÌë
ADLcontent
XdN
犔狅犾犻狌犿狆犲狉犲狀狀犲L.
6.40±0.20c 1.50±0.06a 46.62±0.39c 26.36±0.44b 6.60±0.05b
]^LMN
犈犾狔狀狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊Griseb.
11.02±0.59a 1.72±0.08a 65.09±1.38a 42.99±1.62a 12.01±1.61a
wXd
犜狉犻狋犻犮犪犾犲犺犲狓犪狆犾狅犻犱犲Lart.
9.14±0.24b 1.31±0.05b 49.02±1.71bc 28.64±1.18b 3.27±0.17c
5d
犃狏犲狀犪狊犪狋犻狏犪L.
9.99±0.09ab 1.58±0.05a 53.51±2.61b 29.27±1.66b 3.55±0.19c
2.3 ‡ˆ„!(:;s°
œY/Âèéêúë

è(úë

+gò
óPIúë=sgòóPIúë}Š$:Xd
NvìG255.76g· m-2,—rì¦wXd、]
^LMN=5d

]^LMN=5d’“èéê
úëDoW—r

sgòóhùFúëq}Š
$:XdNvì

]^LMN=wXdü’

5
dvw

P2)。
\2 ‡ˆ„!(:;s°
Table2 Yieldsofdifferentforagegrassvarieties g· m-2
^X
Treatment
èéêúë
CPyield
è(úë
EEyield
+gòóPIúë
NDFyield
sgòóPIúë
ADFyield
sgòóhùFúë
ADLyield
XdN
犔狅犾犻狌犿狆犲狉犲狀狀犲L.
255.76±10.97a 59.75±3.61a 1861.39±60.49a 1054.71±46.04a 263.61±6.00a
]^LMN
犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊Griseb.
33.05±2.76c 5.18±0.46c 195.38±15.21c 128.14±7.75c 35.03±3.09b
wXd
犜狉犻狋犻犮犪犾犲犺犲狓犪狆犾狅犻犱犲Lart.
122.43±7.33b 17.40±1.00b 655.64±40.40b 383.37±25.42b 44.00±3.34b
5d
犃狏犲狀犪狊犪狋犻狏犪L.
32.91±3.11c 5.23±0.54c 176.60±20.65c 96.39±11.34c 11.83±1.65c
3 ~Yl
áâáz5¥k,Nó¥ôõBCD«¬

Ç
nTèéêù=èPIÌëÅGó¥89áâôõ
BCD«¬

ÎìèéêùÌë

ÊÚèPIÌë
5Îì,N†ó‘Å9áâôõ

¿“áâGùB
CD‚A
[4]。
èéê5,N+ÌÇ9ùB`=

5
k,NáâGùBCD«¬

éêù5:¼B‡
Ã

O´cléêùWÍ

j¦67›\á׆Ï

é

ÐBGù

O´K¦éêùBcx¾D¿ó‘+


è(5ÌâëvìBáâ9ù

yÌâ
ë5éêù=ÆK<@9B2~4[。+gòóP
IÌëÓA67,NBGù†›<5

Ü9ùB–
ë=,N›<58 NDFfíƒ@[5]。sgòóP
IËÌPIF=hùFáz

589PI+vWA

n ¥…Cjó‘Bâëõ

,N
áâGùC*/¨‚x¦èéê=èPIBÌ
ë

šìBèéê8šÚBèPIÌë5¥ô,N
ãö8ÀB¾D«¬
[611]。
0ÓB˜™@A

]^L
MNèéêÌë—r즊$:XdN=wXd

ˆPIÌëq—rì¦Ò~^X

(Ìë}wX
dÌëvÚ

Š$:XdN

]^LMN=5dÙÆ
’“(ÌëDoW—r

]}ø>—éêÌë=
(ÌëB¹

]^LMN

5d=Š$:XdN[
5ãöB,NGY

w5ø>—áâGùÌë5W
^B

EGúëq5v*BKLEF’Š

é@>—
6601
!5# •wü!:WXY,NBúë=Gù
Gùúë@A

Š$:XdNèéê=è(Ìë
[ttì¦wXd

]^LMN=5d

P1),ÔY
,NáâGùúëq}Š$:XdNvì

5wX
dB4~5[,5LMN=5dB7~8[(P2)。4
Š$:XdNèPIÌëqCì

|â67ÒB
–ë=›<5

wK¦ìÞ,ÝB–ëš*B*Q
–NQ9҅E

q5"¿NOdçBX³».Y
8GY

wXd=5dšïBáâGù

4G
ùúëQXdNì

wEÒPIÌëڈ Ù

R
]ؖ

]},®ž3¼½®eBOfl%@X
ÕWX,NGYBÿY/Â

}¸ŸïB*¥K
BËñ´†

u>?
[1] f™Ü,—¡ð,q%,!.ÜÇüpKá£(Jumbo)úNë†
GùB67
[J].+¬Nñ,2003(3):225
[2] ZhangZH,DuanJC,WangSP,犲狋犪犾.Effectsoflanduseand
managementonecosystemrespirationinalpinemeadowonthe
Tibetanplateau[J].SoilandTilageResearch2012,124:161
169
[3] HdH.ó‘z{†ó‘ùëIj•–[M].4¥:+¬()
*+¡¢
,2007:4881
[4] ìL!,Õ%p.,NTY•–[M].4¥:<+.)¡¢,
2004,3738
[5] œp,;_J,€,!.WXRLNÓ-oÜNùëB˜™
[J].N)+w,2008,17(4):102109
[6] —X±.,NGùé@¥kÌs[J].N)°•,200l,28(9):
4040
[7] k&ì._…´Þó‘ú)@kgä80¬´Þó‘ú)ðæ
zv‚
[J].N)°+,2000,17(2):5963
[8] °U“.=¥ó‘z{ß­[M].4¥:+¬()°•¡¢,
1993
[9] ;üË,1+T,µ:,!.J3||3<¬­®¯ûÝN
ñ,Náâázjk
[J].NÞ8NŒ,2005(4):3033
[10]f%.ó‘z{†ó‘ùëIj•–[M].4¥:()¡¢,
1999
[11]-p,ÍðS.,NBáâGù†Ò¥ô[J].+¬ó‘,
2004(23):3435

%&( )*+)
7601