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作 者 ：许又凯;刘宏茂;肖春芬;吴兆录;刀祥生;蔡传涛

期 刊 ：武汉植物学研究 2005年 23卷 1期 页码：85-90

关键词：榕树；营养成分；木本蔬菜；植物资源；西双版纳；

Keywords:Fig trees(Ficus), Nutrient contents, Woody wild vegetable, Plant resource, Xishuangbanna,

摘 要 ：榕树(Ficus)是西双版纳热带雨林中的关键种,它的许多种类是当地重要的木本野生蔬菜。对西双版纳少数民族食用的6种榕树嫩枝叶中营养成分的含量进行了分析,并与香椿(Toonasinensis)嫩枝叶中营养成分的含量进行了比较。结果表明:6种榕树嫩枝叶中VE含量高于香椿;5种榕树嫩枝叶中VB2含量为6.53～49.04mg·kg^-1(干重);突脉榕嫩枝叶中VB1含量达29.48mg·kg^-1(干重)。6种榕树嫩枝叶中矿物质、微量元素含量高于香椿嫩枝叶中的含量;5种榕树嫩枝叶中钙含量为0.31%～1.19%(干重);木瓜榕嫩枝叶中硒含量0.838mg·kg^-1(干重),是富硒种类。6种榕树嫩枝叶中蛋白质含量为23.21%～27.78%(干重),高于香椿嫩枝叶中含量(21.33%);按氨基酸比值系数法对6种榕树和香椿嫩枝叶中必需氨基酸与WHO/FAO模式比较,氨基酸比值系数分为69.16～95.98,其中5种榕树嫩枝叶的比值系数分高于80,4种高于香椿(86.1)。食用的榕树嫩枝叶是优质的木本蔬菜。

Abstract:Fig trees (Ficus spp.)are the keystone species in tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. Some species of fig trees are important vegetable resources in the area. The contents of vitamin, mineral element and trace element, protein and amino acids of tender leaves and branches of six species of fig trees used as wild vegetables by indigene people are reported. The contents of vitamin E in six fig species are higher than that of Toona sinensis, a common woody vegetable consumed by Chinese. The contents of riboflavin in five are higher than that of T. sinensis. The content of thiamin of Ficus vasculosa reaches 29.48 mg ·kg^-1 in dry weight. The contents of mineral and trace elements in six are higher than that of T. sinensis. The contents of calcium in five are 0.31%-1.19% in dry weight. The content of selenium of F. auriculata is 0.838 mg·kg^-1 in dry weight, which is rich in selenium. The contents of protein in six species are 23.21%²7.78% in dry weight, which is higher than that of T.sinensis (21.33%). The scores of ratio coefficient(SRC)of amino acid in six species in accord with WHO/FAO reference model of essential amino acid are 69.16⁹5.98, the SRC in five are higher than 80, SRC of four species higher than that of T.sinensis. The quality of six fig trees as woody vegetable is far superior to that of T. sinensis.

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