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作 者 ：张建亮;李先琨;吕仕洪;叶铎;钟军弟;焦继飞;尤业明;

期 刊 ：武汉植物学研究 2009年 27卷 6期 页码：622-628

关键词：空间格局；分形特征；计盒维数；信息维数；关联维数；喀斯特森林；木论自然保护区；

Keywords:Spatial pattern, Fractal properties, Count-box dimension, Information dimension, Correlation dimension, Karst forest, Mulun National Nature Reserve,

摘 要 ：为了揭示种群空间分布特征随尺度的变化规律,探讨不同种群对空间资源的占据能力和生态适应能力及分形差异,采用计盒维数、信息维数和关联维数对木论自然保护区铁榄群落主要乔木种群格局特征进行了研究。结果表明,优势种铁榄(Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum)、东女贞(Ligustrum japonicum)、小栾树(Boniodendron minius)、稀有濒危种掌叶木(Handeliodendron bodinieri)、青檀(Pteroceltis tatarinowii)5个种群在相应的尺度具有明显的分形特征;计盒维数和信息维数大小顺序一致,均为:铁榄>东女贞>小栾树>掌叶木>青檀;在5个种群中,铁榄计盒维数为1.7763最大,接近2,对空间环境的占据能力最强,信息维数(1.7206)也最大,个体聚集强度强,在群落中处于绝对优势地位,青檀计盒维数(0.8316)和信息维数(0.8990)最小,对环境的占据利用能力弱,个体聚集程度整体较弱,在群落中处于伴生地位;在0.5~50 m的尺度上,关联维数大小顺序为:铁榄(1.7314)>东女贞(1.6688)>小栾树(1.6050)>青檀(0.7868),而掌叶木只有在大的尺度上才出现关联,且关联较强。3个分形维数大小的不同组合,能够全面揭示不同种群格局特征和种群在群落中所处地位的差异。

Abstract:The fractal properties of main populations of Sinosideroxylon pedunculatum community in Mulun National Nature Reserve were analyzed using box-counting dimension,information dimension and correlation dimension to reveal the orderliness of spatial distribution of different populations and its difference along with the different scales and hence to understand the spatial occupation of the resources and ecological adaptation as well as fractal variation.The results showed that the spatial pattern of dominant plant populations S.pedunculatum,Ligustrn japonicum and Koelreuteria integrifoliola and rare and endangered plant populations Handeliodendron bodinieri and Pteroceltis tatarinowii had obvious fractal properties in corresponding scales.Both the orders of count-box and information dimensions were S.pedunculatum>L.japonicum>K.integrifoliola>H.bodinieri>P.tatarinowii.The count-box dimension of S.pedunculatum population was the maximum(1.7763),which was near to value 2,indicating high degree of spatial occupation and the dominant position in community.Its information dimension was 1.7206,which was the highest in five populations,reflecting the high degree of pattern intensity.Both the count-box dimension and information dimension of P.tatarinowii population were lowest,were 0.8316 and 0.8990,respectively,indicating low degree of spatial occupation and pattern intensity.It was in an accompaniment position in forests community and its individuals were scattered in space.From 0.5 to 50 m,the gradation of correlation dimensions was S.pedunculatum(1.7314)>K.integrifoliola(1.6688)>L.japonicum(1.6050)>P.tatarinowii(0.7868),H.bodinieri population only appears correlation in biggish scale.The combination of three fractal dimensions implied comprehensively the feature of the spatialpatterns of different population types and the difference in the position of population in community.

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