利用主基因+多基因遗传模型对甘蓝型油菜品系APL01（低含油量亲本）与M083（高含油量亲本）杂交所获得的6个基本世代（P1, P2, F1, B1, B2, F2）的含油量进行遗传分析，并以（APL01/M083）BC1F1为作图群体，利用251个分子标记，构建了由19个连锁群组成的分子标记遗传图谱，经WinQTLCart 2.0对种子含油量进行QTL扫描。结果表明，该杂交组合种子含油量由1对加性-显性主基因＋加性-显性-上位性多基因控制，主基因遗传率为38.37%~47.16%，多基因遗传率为24.29%~38.28%。共获得qOC1、qOC8、qOC10、qOC13-1和qOC13-2等5个与含油量相关的QTL，其中qOC1位于N1连锁群的m19e21c~A0214Ra142区间，可解释含油量表型变异的5.21%；qOC8位于N8连锁群的A0216Gb206~m5e42区间，可解释含油量表型变异的6.34%；qOC10位于N10连锁群的m15e48~A0228Bb437区间，可解释含油量表型变异的9.45%；qOC13-1位于N13连锁群的A0224Rb157~A0301Gb399区间，可解释含油量表型变异的18.12%；qOC13-2位于N13连锁群的A0226Ba377~A0226Ba367区间，可解释含油量表型变异的10.17%。5个QTL中qOC10和qOC13-2位点APL01对含油量的贡献为正值，qOC1、qOC8和qOC13-1位点M083的贡献为正值。qOC13-1效应值较大，属主效基因位点，其余4个QTL效应相对较小，可作为多基因位点。
Oilseed rape is one of the most important oil crops in China, and its oil content is a very important quantitative trait, which is easily affected by environment. Oil content in seeds of oilseed rape is mainly controlled by genes and affected by the interaction of genotype and environment. In the present research, a low oil content line APL01 (Brassica napus L.) was crossed with a high oil content line M083 (B. napus L.) to develop six basic populations (P1, P2, F1, B1, B2 and F2) for analysis of the genetic model. Results showed that seed oil content in this cross was controlled by an additive-dominance major gene plus additive-dominance-epistasis polygene. The heritabilities of major gene were 38.37%–47.16%, while those of the polygene were 24.29%-38.28%. A genetic linkage map of Brassica napus L. was constructed by BC1F1 and 251 molecular markers, which contained 19 linkage groups. Five QTLs, qOC1, qOC8, qOC10, qOC13-1 and qOC13-2, related to seed oil content were identified from this cross by WinQtlCart 2.0. qOC1 was located in the region of m19e21c–A0214Ra142 on linkage group N1, which could explain 5.21% of the oil content variation in the population. qOC8 was located in the region of A0216Gb206-m5e42 on N8, and accounted for 6.34% of phenotypic variation. qOC10 was located between m15e48 and A0228Bb437 on linkage group N10 and explained 9.45% of phenotypic variation. qOC13-1 was located in the region of A0224Rb157–A0301Gb399 on linkage group N13, and accounted for 18.12% of phenotypic variation. qOC13-2 was located in the region of A0226Ba377–A0226Ba367 on linkage group N13, and accounted for 10.17% of phenotypic variation. Among these five QTLs, the positive effects of qOC10 and qOC13-2 loci for oil content were from APL01, while those of qOC1, qOC8 and qOC13-1 loci from M083. The qOC13-1 with larger phenotypic effect could be regarded as major gene locus, and other four QTLs with relative smaller effects could be regarded as polygene loci.
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