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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2015年 16卷 6期

关键词：紫花苜蓿；产量；营养品质；分异与评价筛选；

Keywords:alfalfa, yield, nutritional quality, differentiation and selection,

摘 要 ：为西北荒漠灌区高产、优质紫花苜蓿新品种的选育提供基础材料。以甘农3号、甘农5号、游客为亲本进行多元杂交，选择了16个优良株系为研究材料，通过大田比较试验，对其干草产量和粗蛋白质（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）3个饲用品质性状进行评价分析。结果表明，16个苜蓿株系的干草为西北荒漠灌区高产、优质紫花苜蓿新品种的选育提供基础材料。以甘农3号、甘农5号、游客为亲本进行多元杂交，选择了16个优良株系为研究材料，通过大田比较试验，对其干草产量和粗蛋白质（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）3个饲用品质性状进行评价分析。结果表明，16个苜蓿株系的干草产量和营养品质性状均存在一定变异，干草产量性状变异最大，为23.80%；酸性洗涤纤维性状变异最小，为6.00%。单个性状比较发现，白花1#为高产株系，干草产量为22.72t/hm2；速生4 #为高蛋白株系，CP含量为22.74%；白花3#为低纤维株系，NDF和ADF含量分别为37.85%和31.17%。从单个性状考虑，白花1#可能为高产材料，速生4#可能为高蛋白材料，白花3#可能为低纤维材料，这三个株系的优良特性是否稳定遗传，尚需参与下一步的继代检测。合并4个指标的聚类分析结果并运用灰色关联度理论，综合产量和各营养品质性状，初步筛选出速生4 #和白花3#为高产高蛋白及低纤维材料，速生12 #为高产高蛋白材料，速生1 #和白花1#为高产中蛋白材料，速生15 #为高产低纤维材料，白花2#为中产高蛋白材料，以上材料通过进一步的继代筛选后可作为优良苜蓿育种材料。

Abstract:This study aimed to provide basic materials for new germplasms breeding of alfalfa with high yield and good quality in the irrigation of northwest desert. Through field experiments, hay yield traits, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of Gannong No.3, Gannong No.5, Eureka and their 16 hybrid progeny were investigated and appraised. The variations of nineteen alfalfa germplasms were great in hay yield characters and nutritive qualities. The coefficient of variation of hay yield is the largest, which is 23.80%, while the variation coefficient of ADF is the smallest, which is 6.00%. A single character comparison between different germplasms showed that White 1# had high hay yield, being 22.72 t/hm2 ;Fast-growing 4# had high CP, being 22.74% while the lower NDF and ADF was for White 3#, being37.85% and 31.17% respectively. Based on the single character, White 1# may be used as the high yield material, Fast-growing 4# may be used as the high nitrogen material, White 3# may be used as the low fiber material. Whether the excellent characteristics of these germplasms could inherit stably still need to participate in next transgeneration detection Based on yield and nutrient quality characters, merging the cluster analysis result of four index and combining gray systematic theory, Fast-growing 4# and White 3# are of high yield, high nitrogen and low fiber materials, Fast-growing 12# is of high yield and high nitrogen material, Fast-growing 1# and White 1# are of high yield and middle nitrogen materials, Fast-growing 15# is of high yield and low fiber material, while White 2# is of middle yield and high nitrogen material. The above mentioned materials as high yield and good quality materials can be used to develop new germplasms. The above mentioned germplasms could be used as good alfalfa breeding materials after further transgenerational screening,

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