Abstract:The cultivars of herbaceous peony are variable, and the study of morphological characters has a great significant in scientific classification. At the same time, it also can provide scientific guidance on how to choose hybrid breeding parent.According to the DUS guidelines (2012) for the conduct of tests of herbaceous peony,33 major morphological characters (9 qualitative binary characters,3 quantitative characters and 21 qualitative polymorphic characters) such as height, branching ability and stem color had measured from 47 cultivars peonies. Besides, the author also made analysis of those databases with the methods of Q type cluster, R type cluster and principal component. The result showed the systemic cluster of 33 morphological characters can distinguish different herbaceous peony of different groups well. At the same time, Chinese cultivars of herbaceous peony have a distance with foreign cultivars in phylogenetic relationship. The cluster result of hybrid group is sporadic, there are two resons:1)cultivars that belong to hybrid group have a complex origin;2)multiple parents were participated in the breeding progress. The results were consistent with those in previous studies with the methods of traditional classification system and the methods of molecular markers, it can reflect the phylogenetic relationship between cultivars and cultivars group accurately.