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作 者 ：金凤柱,海 棠,武宝悦,胡跃高.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 4期 页码：921-924

关键词：轮作；覆膜；抗病品种；甘薯茎线虫；种群动态；

Keywords:Crop rotation, Film mulch, Resistant plant variety, Ditylenchus destructor, Population dynamics,

摘 要 ：以连作5年、甘薯茎线虫病发病严重的甘薯地块为试验田，研究甘薯连作过程中轮作玉米/黑麦、轮作玉米/黑麦+覆膜、轮作玉米/黑麦+覆膜+抗病品种和种植冬季覆盖作物黑麦4种防治方法对土壤甘薯茎线虫种群数量动态的影响。结果表明，轮作玉米/黑麦、轮作玉米/黑麦+覆膜和轮作玉米/黑麦+覆膜+抗病品种3种处理可在甘薯生育前期和收获期显著抑制土壤甘薯茎线虫的种群水平，与连作甘薯相比甘薯茎线虫种群数量分别下降37.24%、49.45%和54.33%，甘薯增产幅度分别为130.34%、132.74%和161.73%。而种植黑麦处理不能显著抑制甘薯茎线虫的种群水平，与连作甘薯相比，甘薯茎线虫种群数量下降23.26%，甘薯增产83.26%，但二者间差异不显著。相关性分析表明，土壤中甘薯茎线虫种群数量与甘薯经济产量呈负相关，相关系数为-0.978 9；与甘薯发病率和病情指数呈正相关，相关系数分别为0.958 1和0.975 4。4种防治方法中轮作玉米/黑麦+覆膜+抗病品种处理对土壤甘薯茎线虫种群抑制效果最好，提倡在生产上积极推广。

Abstract:The effects of agronomic measures on the dynamics of Ditylenchus destructor population was investigated at a 5-continuous-year sweet potato experimental site. The results show that the population of D. destructor for treatments with crop rotation, crop rotation and film mulch, and crop rotation and film mulch with resistant plant variety is lower than that of the control. The agronomic measures of crop rotation, crop rotation and film mulch, and crop rotation and film mulch with resistant plant variety decreases D. destructors population in the soil by 37.24%, 49.45% and 54.33%, and yield of sweet potato remarkably increases by 130.34%, 132.74% and 161.73% respectively. However, cover crops like rye do not significantly reduce D. destructor population. Under cover crops,D. destructors average population in the soil decreases only by 23.26% whereas sweet potato yield remarkably increases by 83.26%. Correlation analysis shows that D. destructors average population in the soil negatively correlates with yield increase, while it positively correlates with morbidity and disease index of sweet potato, with correlation coefficients of -0.978 9, 0.958 1 and 0.975 4 respectively. Treatment of crop rotation and film mulch with resistant plant variety is recommended since it inhibit D. destructor population growth most significant.

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