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期 刊 ：植物保护学报 2008年

关键词：斑蝥素；去甲斑蝥素；植物病原真菌；抑菌活性；超微结构；

Keywords:cantharidin, demethylcantharidin, phytopathogen, inhibition, ultrastructure,

摘 要 ：采用菌丝生长速率法研究斑蝥素和去甲斑蝥素对苹果树腐烂病菌等7种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。斑蝥素25~200mg/L对7种病原真菌的菌丝生长均有抑制作用,对苹果树腐烂病菌和苹果轮纹病菌EC₅₀分别为0.1mg/L和8.2mg/L。去甲斑蝥素50~200mg/L对苹果树腐烂病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、白菜黑斑病菌、黄瓜菌核病菌的菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,对苹果树腐烂病菌和苹果轮纹病菌菌丝生长EC₅₀分别为13.6mg/L和80.2mg/L。两种药剂EC₅₀处理5天后,在扫描电镜中发现两种供试菌菌丝加粗、皱缩,在透射电镜下观察到细胞膜畸形、细胞内空腔增多,出现电子致密物、囊泡等亚细胞结构变化。

Abstract:The antifungal activities of cantharidin and demethylcantharidin against Valsa mali and other 6 plant pathogens were studied. The results showed that cantharidin had affected to all tested plant pathogens. Among of them EC₅₀ to Valsa mali was 0.1mg/L and EC₅₀ to Physalospora piricola was 8.2mg/L. The inhibition of demethylcantharidin had affected 4 of the plant pathogens obviously. Among of them EC₅₀ of demethylcantharidin to Valsa mali was 13.6mg/L and to Physalospora piricola was 80.2mg/L. Overstriking mycelia, malformed cell membrane, increased a number of mycelium cell cavums, electron-dense materials and vesicles etc. were observed in Valsa mali and Physalospora piricola under the scanning and transmission electron micrographs after 5d treatment by the two test chemicals.

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