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作 者 ：袁亭亭, 杨建平*, 徐 坤*

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 5期 页码：1246-1251

关键词：番茄；施肥；产量；品质；

Keywords:tomato, fertilization, yield, quality,

摘 要 ：采用三因子二次饱和D-最优设计（310），研究了氮、磷、钾配施对秋延迟番茄产量和品质的影响，并建立了以氮、磷、钾用量为变量因子，番茄产量和品质为目标函数的三元二次数学模型。通过对模型解析表明，氮、磷、钾对番茄产量和品质均有显著影响，且两两间存在显著的互作效应，但以钾肥对番茄产量、品质的影响较大。在低水平条件下，番茄产量、品质均随氮、磷、钾使用量的增加而提高; 当氮、磷、钾用量过多，则导致产量、品质降低。通过计算机模拟运算得出，本试验条件下，番茄产量达140 t/hm²、品质综合评分达95分以上的施肥方案为N 520.2~758.4 kg/hm²、P₂O₅ 294.8~367.3 kg/hm²、K₂O 1051.5~1299.8 kg/hm²，适宜的N、P₂O₅、K₂O施用比例约为1∶0.52∶1.84。

Abstract:The effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on yield and quality of tomato were studied with the design of three factors and quadratic saturation Doptimal regression (310). According to the data obtained, a mathematical model was developed, in which N, P and K were independent variables and tomato yield and quality parameters were dependent variables. The model analysis shows that yields and quality of tomato are significantly influenced under the N, P and K applications, and there are significant interactive effects between every two factors. Among the three factors, K has the greatest effects on yield and quality of tomato. At the lower levels, the yields and quality are improved along with the increase of N, P and K, and are decreased when N, P and K are applied too much. Obtained by computer simulation in this experiment, the yields could reach to 150 t/ha and quality grade could pass 95 when the fertilizer rates are N 520.2-758.4 kg/ha, P₂O₅ 294.8-367.3 kg/ha and K₂O 1051.5-1299.8 kg/ha. The suitable ratio of N∶P₂O5∶K₂O is about 1∶0.52∶1.84.

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