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作 者 ：李录久, 刘荣乐, 陈防, 金继运, 王家嘉, 姚殿立, 李东平

期 刊 ：植物营养与肥料学报 2010年 16卷 2期 页码：382-388

关键词：氮肥用量；生姜；产量；品质；氮素吸收；

Keywords:N application rates, ginger, yield, quality, nitrogen uptake,

摘 要 ：采用田间试验研究不同基础肥力土壤、不同氮肥水平对生姜产量和品质及氮素吸收的影响。结果表明，氮肥对生姜根茎产量及品质有明显的影响，合理施氮能显著提高根茎产量，改善其营养及安全品质。两种不同基础肥力土壤下，生姜根茎产量均表现为随施氮量的加大先增加后降低，呈抛物线关系，所有处理中N₄₅₀获得了最高根茎产量。品质分析结果显示，施用适量氮肥能明显提高生姜根茎蛋白质、维生素C、糖分和姜精油含量，有效控制硝酸盐及亚硝酸盐含量。其中，维生素C含量，基础肥力较高土壤以N₂₂₅处理最高； 肥力较低土壤N₄₅₀处理达到高峰。粗蛋白含量，肥力较高土壤N₂₂₅处理最高，N₄₅₀最低； 肥力较低土壤，随施氮量的增加，根茎粗蛋白含量相应提高，N₆₀₀处理达最大值。糖分和姜精油含量，两种肥力土壤下分别是N₆₀₀和N₄₅₀处理最高。根茎硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量随施氮量的增加而升高，与氮肥用量呈极显著正相关。施用氮肥后生姜地上部茎、叶和地下根茎含氮量明显提高，氮素吸收量显著增多。

Abstract:Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen (N) application rates on yield and qualities in ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome and absorption of nutrient. The results showed that there were obvious effects of different N application rates on ginger rhizome yield and qualities, a rational N application could remarkably increase rhizome yield and improve nutrition and security quality. At two different basal fertility soils, ginger rhizome yield all increased first and dropped later along the increase of N application rates with a parabola relationship between yield and applying N rates, and the highest rhizome yield was obtained by the treatment of N₄₅₀.The results of quality analyses indicated that a suitable N application rate could improve the content of protein, vitamin C, sugar and essential oil in ginger rhizome remarkably and control the concentration of nitrate and nitrite efficiently. The content of vitamin C reached the highest value respectively for the treatment of N₂₂₅ and N₄₅₀ at higher and lower basal soil fertility. The highest and lowest value of rough protein was obtained by the treatment N₂₂₅ and N₄₅₀ respectively at higher basal soil fertility, but it might rise when increased N application rate, and the highest was obtained by the treatment N₆₀₀ at lower soil fertility. The concentration of essential oil and soluble sugar all reached the highest by the treatment N₆₀₀ and N₄₅₀ at two different soil fertilities respectively. The content of nitrate and nitrite in ginger rhizome all increased along with the increases of N application rates with very significant positive relationship. The N concentration in ginger shoot and rhizome rose significantly, and the uptake of N in ginger shoot and rhizome increased outstandingly compared the treatment applied N with the control.

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