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作 者 ：高桐梅,卫双玲,张海洋*,李春明,李 丰

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2012年 12期 页码：2464~2470

关键词：芝麻；籽粒灌浆；内源激素；

Keywords:sesame, grain-filling, endogenous hormone,

摘 要 ：在大田栽培条件下，对芝麻品种‘郑芝98N09’的灌浆特性及灌浆期籽粒中内源激素含量变化进行了研究，为芝麻高产优质高效栽培及品质育种提供理论依据。结果表明：（1）第9～17节位芝麻籽粒干物质率最高；下部（8节以下）蒴果在灌浆24 d时的蒴果鲜重达最大值（1.596 g/蒴），27 d时籽粒鲜重达最大值（0.318 g/蒴），灌浆最快的时期为灌浆15～33 d，干物质积累量达籽粒干重的61.75%；中部（9～20节）蒴果在灌浆27 d时的蒴果鲜重达最大值（1.622 g/蒴），籽粒鲜重也同期达最大值（0.379 g/蒴），灌浆最快的时期为灌浆21～36 d，干物质积累量达籽粒干重的74.21%；上部（20节以上）蒴果籽粒干物质积累最快的时期为灌浆9～12 d和24～27 d两个阶段。（2）中部蒴果GA₃含量大于下部和上部蒴果，而ABA和IAA的含量则小于下部和上部蒴果；除GA₃/ZR比值外，中部蒴果的ABA/GA₃、ABA/ZR、GA₃/IAA和ZR/IAA比值都小于下部和上部蒴果。（3）较高的ZR含量和较低的ABA/ZR、ABA/GA₃、IAA/GA₃和IAA/ZR比值利于胚乳细胞分裂、蒴果发育、籽粒库容建成及籽粒干物质充实。（4）单一激素含量与不同部位蒴果单蒴粒重均达显著或极显著负相关关系，内源激素相互间的关系对下部蒴果粒重增加影响较小，适当提高IAA/ZR、ABA/GA₃、IAA/GA₃比值，能显著提高中部和上部蒴果的单蒴籽粒干重。

Abstract:Grain-filling characteristics and changes of hormonal content in the seeds during grain-filling analyzed with ‘Zhengzhi 98N09’ under field cultivation conditions，which provided a theoretical basis for high yield and efficient cultivation and quality breeding.The results indicated that:（1）No.9～17 nodes had the highest dry matter ratio.The capsule fresh weight was maximum (1.596 g/capsule) at filling 24 d and seeds fresh weight was maximum (0.318 g/capsule) at filling 27 d of the lower node capsules(4～8 nodes).Grouting 15～33 d were the fastest grain-filling period,with 61.75% of the volume of dry grain weight were dry matter accumulation;The capsule fresh weight and seeds fresh weight were simultaneous maximum (1.622 g/capsule,0.379 g/capsule) at filling 27 d of the middle node capsules（9～20 nodes）.Grouting 21～36 d were the fastest grain-filling period,74.21% of the volume of dry grain weight were dry matter accumulation;Grouting 9～12 d and 24～27 d were the fastest grain-filling period of the upper node capsules（20 node after）.(2)GA₃ content of the middle capsules was greater than that of the lower capsules and the upper capsules,but ABA and IAA content were lower than that of the lower capsules and the upper capsules;GA₃/ABA,ZR/ABA,GA₃/IAA and ZR/IAA ratio of the middle capsules were greater than that of the lower capsules and the upper capsules,except ZR/GA₃ ratio.(3)Higher ZR content and lower ZR/ABA,GA₃/ABA,GA₃/IAA and ZR/IAA ratio were better for endosperm cell division,capsule development,development of the grain storage capacity and dry matter plumpness.(4)There were significant or highly significant negative correlation between single endogenous hormone and different parts of the single capsule seeds weight.The interaction of different endogenous had less influence on the increase of the lower capsule seeds weight.The middle and upper capsules per seeds dry weight were significantly improved for appropriate increase in the IAA/ZR,ABA/GA₃ and IAA/GA₃ ratio.

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