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Effects of Cadmium Stress on Absorption and Distribution of Mineral Nutrients in Poplar Plants

镉胁迫对杨树矿质营养吸收和分配的影响*


以3个欧美杂交杨无性系为材料,在镉浓度为25,50和100 μmol·L-1的Hoagland营养液中培养扦插苗,处理5 个月后对其成熟叶、衰老叶、茎木质部和根系的Cd,K,Ca,Na,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Mo,P和B含量进行分析,探讨镉胁迫对杨树矿质营养吸收和分配的影响规律。结果表明:镉处理打破杨树正常的矿质营养平衡是镉毒害的主要原因之一;相同浓度镉处理下,杨树不同器官的镉含量在无性系间存在显著差异,筛选对镉具有较强富集效应的无性系是可行的;除了根系对镉具有明显的截留作用外,衰老叶对镉的富集作用也是一种重要的解毒机制;较低浓度(25和50 μmol·L-1)的镉处理会增加杨树对多数矿质元素的吸收和向地上部分转运的比例,而高浓度(100 μmol·L-1)镉处理则相反,在具体的元素含量上,不同无性系间存在显著差异;镉胁迫显著降低杨树对Mn的吸收,降低Zn从根向地上部分的转送,增加P和Na向地上部的分配;镉导致的黄化不是由于Mg,Fe,Cu,Ca和K的亏缺造成的。

Effects of cadmium stress on absorption and distribution of mineral nutrients in poplar plants were studied using three poplar clones that were cultivated in Hoagland nutrient solution supplemented with Cd2+ (0, 25, 50, 100 μmol·L-1). After 5 months of treatment, plants were harvested and cadmium (Cd), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), phosphorus (P) and boron (B) in various tissues including mature leaf, ageing leaf, stem xylem and root were detected. The results showed that normal harmony among mineral elements was broken by cadmium stress, which might be one of the major reasons for cadmium potentially toxic to the plants. Under the stress of cadmium with the same concentration, the content of cadmium in tissues showed significant difference among the different poplar clones, therefore it was practicable to select the poplar clones with high capability of cadmium accumulation. The retention of cadmium in ageing leaves and roots played an important role in detoxifying cadmium. Low concentration of Cd such as 25 and 50 μmol·L-1 promoted the absorption of mineral elements, while high concentration such as 100 μmol·L-1 reduced the absorption of mineral elements. For a given element, its content showed the significant difference among the different poplar clones. Cadmium stress remarkably inhibited the absorption of the root to Mn, decreased the up-transfer of Zn and increased the distribution of P and Na in aboveground parts of plants. Chlorosis of the poplar plants induced by cadmium was not caused by Mg, Fe, Cu, Ca and K deficit.


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