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Family Variation and Inheritance of Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization Efficiency of Liriodendron chinense Related to Nitrogen Supply

马褂木N素吸收和利用效率家系遗传及N素影响*


选用来自贵州黎平马褂木优良种源的23个优树自由授粉家系,设置低N和高N 2种N素水平的盆栽试验,以研究马褂木N素吸收和利用效率的家系遗传变异及N素水平的影响。结果表明:不同家系对N素水平的生长反应差异显著,家系N效率变化在17.5%~98.8%间。根据N效率大小可将参试家系划分为稳定型高N效率和敏感型低N效率两大类。除低N下根系N素利用效率的家系效应较小外,不同N水平下马褂木各器官及全株N素吸收和利用效率的家系差异都达到极显著水平,受较强的家系遗传控制,且N素环境对之影响较小,其家系遗传力在0.511 5~0.963 0之间。低N下稳定型高N效率的马褂木家系具有较高的N,P素吸收效率,进而导致其生长量大,叶片宽大而数量多,须侧根发达,然而试验却发现,高N效率的马褂木家系其叶片N素利用效率却较低。

A pot experiment with twenty-three open-pollinated Liriodendron chinense families from Liping of Guizhou at two nitrogen levels was conducted to investigate family variation and inheritance of nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency related to nitrogen supply. The growth response of different families to nitrogen supply was found to be significant. Nitrogen efficiency of the families varied from 17.5% to 98.8%. The families were classified into two types according to the nitrogen efficiency, namely a stable type with high nitrogen efficiency and a sensitive type with low nitrogen efficiency. There existed significant family variation for nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency among various organs and total plants at different nitrogen levels, besides leaf nitrogen utilization efficiency at low nitrogen level. The variation was under moderate or strong genetic control with family heritabilities ranged from 0.511 5 to 0.963 0. Stable type of families with high nitrogen efficiency exhibited greater biomass accumulation, more and larger leaves, more developed lateral and fibrous roots under low nitrogen level, because of high nitrogen and phosphorus absorption efficiency. However, the families had lower leaf nitrogen utilization efficiency.


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