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Effects of Altitude on the Morphological Traits of Elymus Speices

海拔高度对披碱草属植物形态特征的可塑性



全 文 :书!23" !5#
 Vol.23  No.5
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  9%
  Sep.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.05.001
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犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犃犾狋犻狋狌犱犲狅狀狋犺犲犕狅狉狆犺狅犾狅犵犻犮犪犾犜狉犪犻狋狊狅犳犈犾狔犿狌狊犛狆犲犻犮犲狊
CHENZhao1,GUANYongzhuo1,LIANGXinping,ZHANGHongrui,YUYing,
ZHANGMing,WANGChengzhang,YANXuebing
(ColegeofAnimal&VeterinaryScience,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou,HenanProvince450002,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Altitudeisakeyfactoraffectingbiologicalevolutionandgeneticrelationshipinplantspecies.In
ordertostudytheeffectofaltitudeonthemorphologicaltraitsof犈犾狔犿狌狊species,thirteenmorphological
traitsof810individualsfrom27populationsofhexaploid犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊,tetraploid犈.犫狌狉犮犺犪狀犫狌犱犱犪犲and
犈.狊犻犫犻狉犻犮狌狊wereinvestigated.Thesematerialswerecolectedatthealtituderangesfrom3098mto4203
m.Theresultsshowedthatthevariationcoefficientsof犈犾狔犿狌狊狀狌狋犪狀狊,犈.犫狌狉犮犺犪狀犫狌犱犱犪犲犪狀犱犈.犛犻犫犻狉
犻犮狌狊rangedfrom8.8%to59.1%,8.2%to53.7%and7.6%to56.7%,respectively.Thelengthoflem
mahadthesmalestvariationcoefficientcomparedtoothers.The犈犾狔犿狌狊populationswithsimilarattitude
wereclustered.Significantcorrelationswereobservedbetweenaltitudeandmorphologicaltraits(犘<
0.01).Theresultsindicatedthataltitudeshapedthemorphologicaltraitsof犈犾狔犿狌狊species.Different
speciesandmorphologicaltraitshaddifferentresponsestoaltitude.Tetraploid犈犾狔犿狌狊specieshadhigher
sensitivitytoaltitudethanothers.Therefore,somemorphologicaltraitscanbeusedforanalyzingtheevo
lutionof犈犾狔犿狌狊speciesalongaltitude.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Morphologicaltraits;Altitude;Clusteranalysis;Variation;犈犾狔犿狌狊spp.
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:20150209;IJGH:20150702
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Table1 Altitude,longitude,latitudeandhabitatoftested犈犾狔犿狌狊species
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Identity Altitude/m Latitude Longitude Habitat
1 3098/m 34°40′44.5″ 100°40′33.9″  ¡Roadside
2 3238/m 34°40′07.5″ 100°38′03.6″ ìæNßAlpinemeadow
3 3385/m 34°36′19.8″ 100°33′41.7″ ìæNßAlpinemeadow
4 3501/m 34°38′53.8″ 100°35′41.6″ ¢£NñRangelandwithsparseforest
5 3709/m 34°31′48.2″ 100°26′32.7″ ìæNßAlpinemeadow
6 3889/m 34°30′49.7″ 100°24′22.2″ ¤¥NñShrubs
7 4075/m 34°28′26.2″ 100°22′51.8″ Ü`NñSloperangeland
8 4115/m 34°28′27.9″ 100°22′50.1″ Ü`NñSloperangeland
9 4203/m 34°28′30.3″ 100°22′42.6″ Ü`NñSloperangeland
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Table2  Thebasicstatisticdataof犈.狀狌狋犪狀狊
gh
Characters
L–õ
Mean
v*õ
Maximum
vwõ
Minimum
ÃD
Rang
¬»D
SD
noAp
CV/%
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Plantheight
76.31 128.00 37.50 90.50 14.38 18.8%
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Lengthofbootleaf
5.26 12.90 1.30 11.60 1.81 34.5%
¨©ª
Breadthofbootleaf
0.20 0.50 0.10 0.40 0.06 31.7%
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Singleearweight
0.16 0.56 0.04 0.52 0.08 49.9%
^u
Lengthofspikelet
10.73 20.60 4.70 15.90 2.61 24.3%
­®u
Lengthofglumes
4.62 11.07 2.13 8.94 1.15 24.8%
­®ª
Breadthofglumes
0.63 1.28 0.23 1.05 0.15 24.4
stu
Lengthoflemma
7.84 10.68 6.19 4.49 0.69 8.8%
stª
Breadthoflemma
1.40 1.72 1.03 0.69 0.13 9.5%
‚tu
Lengthofpalea
6.86 9.38 4.32 5.06 0.95 13.8%
‚tª
Breadthofpalea
1.28 1.65 0.79 0.86 0.13 10.2%
wop
Floretnumber
3.01 8.00 1.00 7.00 1.78 59.1%
cu
Lengthofawn
8.90 21.38 1.91 19.47 4.01 45.0%
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Table3  Thebasicstatisticdataof犈.犫狌狉犮犺犪狀犫狌犱犱犪犲
gh
Characters
L–õ
Mean
v*õ
Maximum
vwõ
Minimum
ÃD
Rang
¬»D
SD
noAp
CV/%
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Plantheight
71.87 120.00 37.50 82.50 17.77 24.7%
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Lengthofbootleaf
6.18 22.50 2.00 20.50 3.32 53.7%
¨©ª
Breadthofbootleaf
0.15 0.40 0.10 0.30 0.05 34.9%
^C
Singleearweight
0.12 0.27 0.01 0.26 0.05 40.7%
^u
Lengthofspikelet
10.39 19.80 5.50 14.30 2.42 23.3%
­®u
Lengthofglumes
4.84 9.36 2.42 6.94 1.08 22.3%
­®ª
Breadthofglumes
0.90 4.33 0.42 3.91 0.26 29.6%
stu
Lengthoflemma
8.41 11.22 6.49 4.73 0.69 8.2%
stª
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1.41 2.01 0.86 1.15 0.19 13.7%
‚tu
Lengthofpalea
7.62 10.59 5.54 5.05 0.70 9.1%
‚tª
Breadthofpalea
1.33 2.01 0.79 1.22 0.17 13.1%
wop
Floretnumber
2.87 7.00 1.00 6.00 1.28 44.7%
cu
Lengthofawn
13.37 31.85 1.24 30.61 6.44 48.1%
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Table4  Thebasicstatisticdataof犈.狊犻犫犻狉犻犮狌狊
gh
Characters
L–õ
Mean
v*õ
Maximum
vwõ
Minimum
ÃD
Rang
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SD
noAp
CV/%
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81.96 137.80 47.00 90.80 16.72 20.4%
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Lengthofbootleaf
6.09 20.60 1.20 19.40 3.10 51.0%
¨©ª
Breadthofbootleaf
0.21 0.55 0.10 0.45 0.08 37.5%
^C
Singleearweight
0.16 0.73 0.04 0.69 0.08 49.2%
^u
Lengthofspikelet
11.22 23.00 4.70 18.30 2.89 25.7%
­®u
Lengthofglumes
4.78 8.71 2.60 6.11 1.12 23.4%
­®ª
Breadthofglumes
0.64 1.28 0.34 0.94 0.14 22.3%
stu
Lengthoflemma
8.21 10.87 6.18 4.69 0.63 7.6%
stª
Breadthoflemma
1.43 4.00 0.93 3.07 0.21 14.5%
‚tu
Lengthofpalea
7.70 9.78 5.12 4.66 0.60 7.8%
‚tª
Breadthofpalea
1.31 1.61 0.70 0.91 0.14 10.5%
wop
Floretnumber
2.99 11.00 1.00 10.00 1.70 56.7%
cu
Lengthofawn
11.40 21.24 3.26 17.98 3.41 29.9%
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Fig.2 Dendrogramofmorphological
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Table5 Relationshipsbetweenlatitudeandthemorphologicaltraitsoftested犈犾狔犿狌狊
ì
Plant
height
¨©u
Bootleaf
length
¨©ª
Bootleaf
breadth
^C
Ear
weight
^u
Spikelet
length
­®u
Glume
length
­®ª
Glume
breadth
stu
Lemma
length
stª
Lemma
breadth
‚tu
Palea
length
‚tª
Palea
width
wop
Floret
number
cu
Awn
length
]^LMN
犈.狀狌狋犪狀狊
-0.433-0.266 -0.040 -0.016 -0.409 0.203 -0.044 0.365 0.047 -0.014 0.002 -0.232 0.371
`aLMN
犈.犫狌狉犮犺犪狀
犫狌犱犱犪犲
-0.631-0.533 -0.186 0.132-0.538-0.315 0.104-0.172 0.267 -0.199 0.226 0.358-0.398
bcd
犈.狊犻犫犻狉犻犮狌狊
-0.421-0.322 -0.018 -0.010 -0.377 0.124 0.107 0.325 0.166 0.317 0.020 0.061 0.292
  ò:Pó•0.01KL(ôõ)‚×rƒ@;Pó•0.05KL(ôõ)‚—rƒ@
Note:significantdifferent(犘<0.01);significantdifferent(犘<0.05)
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tionalgradient[J].Oecologia,1985,66(3):443455
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XEFz{
[J].3489+w,2007,27(2):328333
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