全 文 :!23" !3#
Vol.23 No.3
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
2015$ 5%
May. 2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.03.022
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犈犳犳犲犮狋狅犳犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犆狅狀犮犲狀狋狉犪狋犲狋狅犉狅狉犪犵犲犚犪狋犻狅狊狅犳犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻
犛犻犾犪犵犲狅狀犔犪犿犫犘犲狉犳狅狉犿犪狀犮犲,犇犻犵犲狊狋犻狅狀,犪狀犱犕犲狋犪犫狅犾犻狊犿
XUZhiJun,HUYan,DONGKuanHu
(DepartmentofPratacuhuralScience,ColegeofAgronomy,ShanxiUniversity,Taigu,ShanxiProvince030801,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Toinvestigatetheeffectsof犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪silagedietsonlambperformance,digestionandmetabo
lism,the犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻of8~10yearswasstumpedandprocessedintosilage,and30malelambswere
assignedtofivedietarytreatmentsbasedonrandomizedblockdesign.Mixedconcentrateandcornsilageas
baseddietforcontrol,differentconcentratetoforageratiosof犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silageandmixedconcentrate
fortestgroups.Resultsshowedthatdifferentforagetoconcentrateratiosof犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagehadno
significanteffectonpalatabilityandphysicalhealthstatus,andthedrymatterintakewaselevatedasthe
ratioincreasing.Drymatterintakeanddigestibilitysignificantlyincreasedtothemaximum1131.11
g·d-1,73.45% ,respectivelyattheratioof60:40(犘<0.05).Atthisforageratio,nitrogendeposition
anddigestiblenitrogenutilizationreachedthemaximum18.33g·d-1,62.97%respectively.Comprehen
siveconsiderationwasgiventonutrientdigestibilityandcostbenefit,themaximumgainscouldbeob
tainedby1.52yuandailyforperlambandeconomicefficiencyincreased19.33%attheratioof60∶40.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:犆犪狉犪犵犪狀犪犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻;Silage;Lamb;Nutrientdigestibility;Productionperformance
EFGH
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(1988),Å,>0`§,úËÌÍñ,mVÏÐcâx&Q«¶!Ã~ïÖIÌÍRx,Email:wutong157@126.
com;:6x×Authorforcorrespondence,Email:dongkuanhu@126.com
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q1 $_%&*T+éu,
Table1 Nutrientcompositionof犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
Ë5Öµ
Treatment
`ëÒÀ
CP/%
`¥
EE/%
8ñO^M(
NDF/%
½ñO^M(
ADF/%
`ÝJ
Ash/%
ÞCa
/g·kg-1
ÅP
/g·kg-1
dË5Untreated
&âSilage
12.25 3.02 66.36 48.31 5.47 9.26 0.57
13.58 4.65 63.05 45.03 5.44 9.81 0.56
:CP,EE,NDF,ADF,Ash,Ca,PJ*+Å`ëÒÀ、` ¥、½ñO^M(、8ñO^M(、Þ、Å
Note:CP,EE,NDF,ADF,Ash,Ca,Pmeanscrudeprotein,crudefat,aciddetergentfiber,neutraldetergentfiber,calcium,phosphor
usrespectively
1.2 Ö×µº1G,
p¤ËÌ
、
2~¬èI4%Å4ñÒY¶?
4YI õF1ÚY30ç,2~_22.45±
2.33kg,2~à4J_5«,«6ç,£
« 2 ~ ¬ è P í î © ã
。
< à « c
50∶50I[h&âjâyàâ,íî«J*c
` t
(
¹ & À 2 3
)
_ 70∶30,60∶40,
50∶50,40∶60I¤N&âjâyàâ,yà
ââhYc«{%j;kYQ«UV{ò
ß+2nÅ。
q2 Ö×"T-.TV+é+/
Table2 Compositionandnutrientlevelsofexperimentalconcentrates
²f«n
Ingredient
¯"
Contents
Q«Éu
Nutrientlevels
¯"
Cotents
[hCorngrain/% 58.0 Ï\ôDE/MJ·kg-1 13.57
;¦Soybeanmeal/% 3.0 âý&OM/% 89.70
§1 Wheatbran/% 12.0 `ëÒCP/% 15.60
V¦Cottonseedmeal/% 5.0 8ñO^M(NDF/% 7.34
õ¨Linseedmeal/% 11.0 ½ñO^M(ADF/% 15.89
~+ Wheatmiddlingandreddog/% 8.5 ÞCa/g·kg-1 5.41
a§âPremix/% 2.5 ÅP/g·kg-1 4.80
:DE+ÅÏ\ô
Note:DEmeansdigestibleenergy
785
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5díî#),Pfíî8¢5W。â
yàâjíf{Öß+3nÅ。
q3 rÖ×ßGV1+é+/
Table3 Compositionandnutrientlevelsofexperimentaldiets
²f«n
Ingredient
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻狊犻犾犪犵犲
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
âConcentrate/% 50.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00
[h&âCornsilage/% 50.00 - - - -
¤N&âCaraganasilage/% - 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00
Ï\ôDE/MJ·kg-1 11.20 12.09 11.60 11.11 10.62
`ëÒCP/% 11.78 14.99 14.79 14.59 14.39
`¥EE/% 3.99 5.11 5.04 4.98 4.91
8ñO^M(NDF/% 21.45 30.04 34.75 39.42 44.19
½ñ0M(ADF/% 17.17 19.65 22.42 26.19 29.95
ÞCa/g·kg-1 2.96 4.17 3.73 3.29 2.85
ÅP/g·kg-1 2.73 3.60 3.20 2.75 2.33
:kgâyàâ¯:(ñ¥A5687IU;(ñ¥D1042IU;(ñ¥E93.3IU;ß57mg;Þ43mg;812.7mg;Õ0.67mg;0.6
mg;0.3mg。üÏ\ô_¼jðC,|ýz{v_ð
Note:Providedofperkilogramdiets::VA5687IU;VD1042IU;VE93.3IU;Fe57mg;Mn43mg;Cu12.7mg;I0.67mg;Se0.6mg;Co
0.3mg.DEiscalculatedvalueandothernutrientlevelsaremeasuredvalues
1.3 `boúÄUkl
câF»
:
íî#h+ÁYd°w"
¶Z]"
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Ptu°Êcâûâ¶ZâF»
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8¢O§yF
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8
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1.4 m®e@1VW
1.4.1 ÐÑsÈ:,æ íî#h+ÁÈ
¹&À°w"
(drymatterintake,DMI),¼jâý
&À°w"
(organicmatterintake,OMI)、` ëÒ
À°w"
(crudeproteinintake,CPI)、½ñO^M
(°w"
(aciddetergentfiberintake,ADFI)、8ñ
M(°w"
(neutraldetergentfiberintake,ND
FI);câF»Qª8âý&À(organicmat
ter,OM)、` ëÒÀ(crudeprotein,CP)、½ñO^
M(
(aciddetergentfiber,ADF)、8ñO^M(
(neutraldetergentfiber,NDF)、Þ(calcium,Ca)、
Å
(phosphorus,P)I¯",¼j|Ï\æ;E
F8CP¯",ÍYÚ>æ;ð2zÊJà
《
câJKjcâÀ"ö
》[23]
5W
。
1.4.2 $ÒÈp§ÓçÒ fíîIÛܶ8,
¬zuÞH7:00Ñý9~,ö°9~2d,{2
~9~ã*;3%,°!3d!~9~,uvð;
HÜ÷2~¶íîÈG¼juv²ù~
(average
dailygain,ADG)。
1.4.3 ÔÕÆÇ íî8¢,á24h«·
â
、2hÿÉ,Pé)Yâ>!2~,:; «³
W| «
,
ϼU¬KÿYÔ¶xÔàJÓY
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8Y2ý¯8¶Û°
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qå±
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2«ò30~40min¢9~P³hJ。
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æ=²2~/á!~×100%;
õhæ=(²2~-³~)/á!~×100%
²2qhæ =(²2~ - ³~)/²2~ ×
100%。
1.4.4 pÖ×t °¤tx³12~13¹³
hºð8ùh
,
°¤²2½e0âðh1
4pHð(pHvalueof1hour,pH1)、244pH
ð
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hFà5Ô{%~JÇ5Wà5Ô~J
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、
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ð2Ö³
JàÓå
[2425]
5W
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íîGH¤ Excel2010 5Wï5¼j,¤
SPSS19.0SuIANOVA5WÖãJK,vð¤
LSDjDuncan³tS,íîaP“uvð±{%
ã
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+Å
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2 mnU,c
2.1 "#$_%&GÁ(vú0åoÔÕ
¤N&â²fDMI"`tIß,>÷Ñ
¢
(
+4),¦Ñ`âÉuvùúYI¹&
À°w"
,
-¤N&â;60%P¢,DMIÛÜ
。
íî«DMIJ*S<à¦Ñ2.47%,10.42%,
13.90%j6.12%,`t_50∶50¹&À°w"
zà
,
-60∶40¶50∶50«hãR。OMI+
,qDMI¥IÎ|。íî«CPIvÑÞ<
à«
(犘<0.05),60∶40j50∶50«ÑÞ70∶30j
40∶60«(犘<0.05)。ADFI,NDFI"#`tI
zùú
,
íî«NDFIvÑÞ<à«,ü70∶30
«C
,ADFIvÑÞ<à(犘<0.05)。
q4 "#$_%&GÁ(vú0åoÔÕ
Table4 Effectsofdifferentconcentrate/forage犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagedietsontheDMintakeoflambs g·d-1
¿¥
Items
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
¹&ÀDMI 1024.35±28.50a 1049.63±19.80a 1131.11±44.33bc 1166.78±10.94c 1087.02±9.42ab
âý&OMI 937.25±27.07a 1001.98±18.89a 1079.75±42.31bc 1113.78±40.44c 1032.23±16.63ab
`ëÒÀCPI 120.67±3.36a 157.38±2.97b 167.31±6.56c 170.23±1.60c 156.40±1.36b
½OM(NDFI 293.89±8.18a 325.71±6.14b 408.08±15.99c 479.84±4.50d 501.90±4.6d
8OM(ADFI 255.24±10.03a 216.28±7.09a 270.16±13.14b 326.85±7.70c 341.58±10.50c
:W¼wx¬_ãR;Wwx_ãR(犘<0.05)。
Note:Meansinthesamerowwiththesamelettersuperscriptsarenotsignificantlydifferent(犘<0.05);Meansinthesamerowwithdif
ferentlettersuperscriptsaresignificantlydifferent(犘<0.01).Thesameasbelow
2.2 "#$_%&*TÁ(vÑÒÐo
ÔÕ
Ý1vÀ,`t70∶30,60∶40,50∶50S
<àù~>a
(犘<0.05),P`t_60∶40
ADG}zàð180.20g·d-1。
<1 "#$_%&*TÁ(v/G§oÔÕ
Fig.1 Effectsofdifferentconcentrate/forage
犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagedietsontheADGoflambs
ß+5nÅ,`t¤N&âcâíî«
æ J * S í î á ¦ Ñ 7.22%,11.93%,
4.38%,5.07%;õhæ¦Ñ 11.93%,7.56%,
4.35%,-1.71%;² 2 Í h æ ¦ Ñ 4.38%,
2.34%,1.51%,-2.72%,./q¤N&âcâ<
YðâSÑIc¤ïð
。
`t60∶40«ADG
zà_184.19g·d-1,9ÑÞ<à«20.63%
(犘<0.01),-¶`t70∶30«ÿãR,í
î«Yæ
、
õh液2Íhæ"²f`
tI¦Ñß>ùú¢
,
f²f`t_70
∶30}zàð,J*_35.98%,78.97%,æ
æf²f`t_60∶40}zàð_46.12%,
¤N&âtu;60%Yuv²ù
~jñÍñô
。
2.3 "#$_%&GÁ(vo+éºÂ
))NoÔÕ
`t<²fDM,OM Ï\æðâ
ÕÖ
,
"`tIùàß,>÷Ñ¢
(
+
6),¤N&â*útu;50%²f
DM,OM;²fDMD,OMD,NDFD,CPD,EED,PD
"`tIùàß,>÷Ñ¢
,
e`t
60∶40}zàð,J*_73.45%,74.37%,
53.46%,75.69%,55.83%;æ ADFD,PDIÎ|¶ OMD,NDFD,CPDI\Î|P¥,
ADFD"²f`tIæ÷Ñ,PD°"`
tæ
;
f`t40∶60 ADFD}zà
ð46.42%,CaD ° f 50∶50 } z à ð _
985
! " # $ !23"
44.65%。¶íîá¬t,¤N&âcâ
²fADFD,CaD,PD。üADF,NDFC,mVQ«
&ÀÏ\0Óæ"`tùàß>÷Ñ¢
。
q5 "#$_%&*TÁ1v23e@oÔÕ
Tab5 Effectsofdifferentconcentrate/forage犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagedietsontheslaughterindicatorsoflambs
¿¥
Items
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
á!~SW/kg 30.30±0.42a 33.40±0.57b 32.65±0.78ab 32.10±0.14ab 30.40±1.27a
²2~CDW/kg 13.53±0.16a 15.23±0.64b 15.05±0.41b 14.26±0.04ab 13.27±0.85a
õh~ MW/kg 10.23±0.11a 12.02±0.38b 11.63±0.21b 10.95±0.08a 9.78±093a
æDP/% 44.64±0.09ab 45.57±1.15bc 46.12±0.16c 44.41±0.09ab 43.32±0.05a
õhæ MP/% 32.68±0.08a 35.98±0.53c 35.62±0.20bc 34.10±0.09abc 32.12±1.70a
h³t MB 3.33±0.05b 3.76±0.27b 3.44±0.29ab 3.31±0.07ab 3.06±0.36a
²2Íhæ MC/% 75.64±0.07ab 78.97±0.83b 77.23±0.69ab 76.78±0.36ab 73.58±3.06a
GRð GR 6.58±0.62a 7.05±0.55a 7.22±0.75a 7.38±1.72a 7.29±1.65a
ºðEMR 13.11±0.52a 16.64±1.86b 14.79±0.70ab 15.65±0.95ab 13.92±0.37ab
:SW,CDW,MW,DP,MP,MB,MC,GR,EMRJ*+Åá!~、²2~、õh~、æ、õhæ、h³t、²2Íhæ、¥tejº
ð
Note:SW,CDW,MW,DP,MP,MB,MC,GR,EMRmeansslaughterweight,carassdessedweight,meatweight,dressingpercentage,
meatpercentage,meatboneratio,meatcarassratio,carcassfatandeyemusclearea,respectively
q6 "#$_%&GÁ(v+éºÂ))NoÔÕ
Table6 Effectsofdifferentconcentrate/forage犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagedietsonthenutrientdigestibilityoflambs %
¿¥
Items
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
¹&ÀDMD 75.09±2.47c 71.15±1.83c 73.45±1.46cd 67.81±0.39b 60.00±0.17a
âý&OMD 76.46±2.12d 72.43±2.12c 74.37±1.38cd 68.73±1.16b 60.77±0.40a
8OO^M(NDFD 51.70±0.92c 49.83±0.19c 53.46±1.59d 46.28±0.94b 43.19±0.43a
½ñO^M(ADFD 53.11±2.25d 30.23±0.85a 40.37±0.94b 43.94±1.41c 46.42±0.84c
`ëÒÀCPD 71.32±2.13ab 73.75±1.05bc 75.69±1.81c 73.65±1.30bc 70.17±0.63a
`¥EED 72.52±2.90d 74.60±2.62c 75.95±2.07c 70.34±1.21b 63.38±0.66a
ÅPD 60.14±0.71d 41.89±2.05bc 40.54±2.31b 44.65±1.46c 28.59±1.46a
ÞCaD 54.64±1.60c 57.13±1.37c 55.83±0.78bc 55.13±0.92b 47.30±0.88a
:DMD,OMD,NDFD,ADFD,CPD,EED,PD,CaDJ*+Ź&À、âý&À、8ñO^M(、` ëÒÀ、` ¥、ÅjÞI+Ï\æ
Note:DMD,OMD,NDFD,ADFD,CPD,EED,PD,CaDmeansthedigestibilityofDM,OM,NDF,ADF,CP,EE,P,Carespectively
2.4 "#$_%&GÁ(v//4oÔ
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q7 "#$_%&GÁ(v/ÚÛoÔÕ
Table7 Effectsofdifferentconcentrate/forage犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagedietsonthedailynitrogenmetabolismoflambs
¿¥
Items
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
00°wIN/g·d-1 16.19±1.76a 22.56±0.31b 24.21±0.76bc 25.49±0.72c 24.45±0.60c
ªTN/g·d-1 4.63±0.48a 5.92±0.32b 5.88±0.41b 6.72±0.47c 7.29±0.16c
EUN/g·d-1 5.51±0.53a 6.72±0.27b 6.77±0.33b 7.11±0.22b 8.35±0.37c
vÏ\DN/g·d-1 11.56±1.45a 16.64±0.02b 18.33±0.85cd 18.77±0.40d 17.16±0.52bc
GNR/g·d-1 6.04±1.00a 9.92±0.27b 11.55±0.94c 11.66±0.51c 8.98±0.57b
vÏ\£¤æDNU/% 52.12±2.91a 59.64±1.65b 62.97±2.56b 62.11±1.61b 51.34±2.31a
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q8 "#$_%&GÁ(v1bÂoÔÕ
Table8 Effectsofdifferentconcentrate/forage犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagedietsonthemeatqualityoflamb
¿¥
Items
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
hFleshcolor 3.75±0.35a 3.75±0.35a 3.50±0.71a 4.00±0.00a 4.25±0.35a
à5Ô½ Marblevein 4.00±0.71a 4.25±0.35a 4.00±035a 4.00±0.00a 4.00±0.71a
pH1hour 6.07±0.58a 6.46±0.21a 6.54±0.30a 6.46±0.09a 6.48±0.03a
pH24hour 6.63±0.01a 6.58±0.06a 6.52±0.04a 6.56±0.04a 6.54±0.00a
IhæCHP/% 60.14±2.86a 66.43±0.14a 61.83±7.68a 63.97±5.48a 67.35±1.54a
ÉJ Moisture/% 74.90±0.8a 75.02±1.71a 74.29±1.07a 75.73±0.50a 74.56±3.50a
ëÒÀProtein/% 20.21±0.98a 19.15±0.09a 20.31±0.16a 20.31±0.07a 19.28±3.17a
ðå¥ Muscularfat/% 1.80±0.07a 1.83±0.02a 1.86±0.08a 1.79±0.05a 1.75±0.11a
ÄÉ\&Carbohydrate/% 1.20±0.27a 1.10±0.57a 1.10±0.36a 1.53±0.11a 1.27±0.14a
2.6 $_%&GuUþ516,c
`t70∶30,60∶40,50∶50«J*S<à
øÓJ3.07%,19.38%,11.48%,40∶60«S<à
ÓJ13.08%,!¤N&âcâvc«n
?
,
¦Ñ«Ì>J
,
e`t_60∶40}zàíî>J1.52Ê·d-1。
q9 $_*TuUþ516,c
Table9 Economicanalysesofdifferent犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silagediettreatments
¿¥
Items
<à
Control
¤N&â犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻犻silage
70∶30 60∶40 50∶50 40∶60
²ù~
ADG/g·d-1
152.7 180.52 184.19 175.86 144.17
²ù~ïð
ADGValue/yuan·d-1
3.07 3.70 3.82 3.51 2.77
²¨â
Dietconsumption/kg·d-1
1024.35 1049.63 1131.11 1166.78 1087.02
câïj
Feedcosts/yuan·kg-1
1.75 2.28 2.04 1.85 1.57
²¨ân?
Dietcost/yuan·d-1
1.79 2.39 2.31 2.16 1.71
²ù~ÓJ
ADGbenefit/yuan·d-1
1.27 1.31 1.52 1.36 1.06
:íî>J!2æ¼j,)«YIuvæJ*_44.64%,45.57%,46.11%,44.41%,42.64%。âyàâIïj3.0
Ê
/kg,[h&âïj0.5Ê/kg,¤N&â0.61Ê/kg¼,¤N&ââ)«cân?J*_1.75,2.28,2.04,1.81,1.57Ê/kg。²2m
ïe445.0Ê/kg¼
Note:Economicbenefitswerecalculatedbasedonlivingdressingpercentage,averagedressingpercentageofeachgroupwere44.64%,45.
57%,46.11%,44.41%,42.64%,respectively.Concentrates,cornsilage,犆.犽狅狉狊犺犻狀狊犽犻isilagewerecalculatedby3.0yuan·kg-1,0.5yuan
·kg-1,0.61yuan·kg-1,respectively.Feedcostsofeachgroupwere1.75yuan·kg-1,2.28yuan·kg-1,2.04yuan·kg-1,1.81yuan·
kg-1,1.57yuan·kg-1,respectively.Carcasswascalculatedbyof45.0yuan·kg-1accordingtolocalprice
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[1] 3~,%,~n,.mVÉYé)&Q|Û£¤[J].¸
L,:ÌͶÛ
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295
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[2] §´º.¤Nu]¡¬®
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-.
,2006,23(4):6366
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,2005,31(4):3135
[16]ëÂ,J0ª,]~,.¹Ø<¤NQ«&ÀIÏ\íî
ÌÍ
[J].î¶ÌÍ,2005(1):2527
[17]ëÂ,J0ª,7·,.c¤N
[J].î¶ÌÍ,2004(6):1416
[18]u,c ,§×V.°¤Ö³úRI¤Nc;kY
>aIÌÍ
[J].8¸)*+,,2004,31(11):79
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[J].X²>)*+,,2010(7):9697
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[21]3X,r½,¬ñW,.ñ&fcâñÍ8I¤ý5
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8¸]w×&
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..8¸®.Ô/À?³£¤JÔÓÊ.2006:162166
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