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作 者 ：乔海云, 李菲, 张淑江, 章时蕃, 张慧, 孙日飞

期 刊 ：植物科学学报 2012年 30卷 4期 页码：407-414

关键词：大白菜；紫甘蓝；种间杂交；胚挽救；细胞遗传；

Keywords:Brassica rapa L.ssp.pekinensis (Lour.) Olsson, Brassica oleracea var.capitata L., Interspecific hybridization, Ovule culture, Cell heredity,

摘 要 ：以不同类型的大白菜与紫甘蓝为材料,运用蕾期授粉结合胚挽救技术获得大白菜与紫甘蓝的种间杂种,并对其进行细胞学鉴定。结果表明,大白菜与紫甘蓝杂交,获得了57株F₁代幼苗;对根尖染色体数量进行观察和杂种花粉特性调查发现,其中47株具有预期的染色体数目,2n=19,鉴定为真杂种,其花粉败育;另有6株具有38条染色体,鉴定为种间异源双二倍体,应该是发生了染色体自然加倍,其花粉可育。可育的杂种F₁代与大白菜回交,获得了大白菜—紫甘蓝BC₁代材料。田间观测结果显示,杂种F₁代植株综合性状均介于双亲之间,BC₁代植株包球明显,综合性状偏向母本大白菜。

Abstract:Interspecific hybridizations between different varieties of Brassica rapa L.ssp.peki-nensis (Lour.) Olsson and Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.were carried out. The hybrids were obtained by successive bud pollination and ovule culture and tested by means of identification by cytology.Results showed that 57 plants were obtained by interspecific hybridization between B.rapa L.ssp.pekinensis and B.oleracea var.capitata L.Cytological identification and pollen characteristics survey revealed that 47 of the hybrids had the anticipated chromosomes (2n=19) and pollen fertility was aborted; while 6 hybrids had 38chromosomes and were fertile.The BC₁ plants were obtained through back cross between fertile hybrids F₁ and B.rapa L.ssp.pekinensis.Field investigation showed that all F₁ hybrids had many characteristics from both parents,the BC₁ plants had obvious heading and were similar to B.rapa L.ssp.pekinensis.

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