摘 要 ：介绍了一种原产华南、种子可食的木本植物——苹婆的生物学特性,并以广西苹婆(Sterculia nobilis Smith)种子为材料,对其营养成分进行了测定。通过测定其多酚提取物的还原力和金属螯合力,以及对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPHH)自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力,探讨了苹婆种子的抗氧化活性。结果显示:苹婆种子营养丰富,含有18种氨基酸,富含酚类物质。其中,淀粉含量60.42 g/100 g FW、蛋白质20.32 g/100 g FW、脂肪2.18 g/100 g FW、氨基酸2.36 g/100 g FW、铁136.86 mg/g FW、维生素C 7225 μg/100 g FW;总酚含量为401.84 μg/mL没食子酸。苹婆种子多酚提取物有较强的还原力,金属螯合力,以及DPPH自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,在0~50 μg/mL浓度范围,苹婆抗氧化能力与抗坏血酸或乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)相当。苹婆种子营养全面,具有较强的抗氧化能力,苹婆是很有潜力的功能食品来源植物。
Abstract:Biological characters of Sterculia nobilis Smith were briefly introduced as a native woody plant with edible seeds in South China.Nutritional compositions of the seeds from Guangxi were measured.The antioxidant activities were determined by evaluating reducing power,metal chelating capacity,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity,and superoxide anion-scavenging activity of polyphenols extraction from the seeds.The results showed that S.nobilis Smith seeds were nutritious,contained eighteen amino acids and abundant polyphenols.The content of starch was 60.42 g/100 g FW, protein was 20.32 g/100 g FW, fat was 2.18 g/100 g FW, amino acids were 2.36 g/100 g FW, Fe was 136.86 mg/100 g FW, vitamin C was 7225 μg/100 g FW, and total phenols were 401.84 μg/mL gallic acid.Polyphenols extraction of S.nobilis Smith seeds expressed rather strong reducing power,metal chelating capacity,DPPH radical-scavenging activity,hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity and superoxide anion-scavenging activity.In the content range of 0-50 μg/mL gallic acid,S.nobilis Smith seeds expressed nearly the same antioxidant activity to that of ascorbic acid and EDTA.Thus,S.nobilis is a potential functional food resource plant due to its comprehensive nutrition and high antioxidant activities.