以粳稻品种Asominori与籼稻品种IR24的杂交组合所衍生的染色体片段置换系（CSSLs）为材料，田间试验分别在FACE（CO2浓度约570 µmol mol-1）和对照（CO2浓度约370 µmol mol-1）下，对水稻株高性状的数量性状位点（QTL）进行了分析。结果表明，Asominori和IR24的株高、穗长、上位第一节间长和上位第二节间长在FACE和对照下的差异达显著水平；供试株系的4个株高性状对CO2浓度升高都呈正负两种响应，其变化最大的株系为AI7和AI44（株高分别增加14.2 cm和降低4.54 cm），AI9和AI12（穗长分别增加3.56 cm和降低2.39 cm），AI39和AI27（上位第一节间长分别增加15.74 cm和降低1.49 cm），AI32和AI53（上位第二节间长分别增加8.09 cm和降低3.00 cm）；FACE和对照下分别检测出14和15个QTL，分布在除第2、7、9和第10号染色体外的各染色体上，其中5个（qPH6-4、qPH8-4、qPL8-4、qPL12-4和qLFN6-4）在FACE和对照条件下同时检测到，分布在第6、8和第12染色体上，而其余的只在FACE或对照下检测到。这29个QTLs中，3个（qPH6-4QE、qPH8-4QE和qLSN5-4QE）具显著的基因型与环境互作。在不同的CO2环境下，测试性状发生不同程度的表型变异。结果推论，对CO2浓度增加敏感的QTL位点，可能受到CO2浓度增加的诱导，可见控制水稻株高性状的QTL与CO2增加的环境发生了互作效应。
Free air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) technique is capable of providing a means by which the environment around growing plants may be modified to realistically simulate future concentrations of atmospheric CO2. The plant growth and development, as well as its height, biomass, and yields can be accelerated and enhanced under FACE. Identifying genomic regions influencing the response of plant height and its components to elevated CO2 will be useful for us to understand the genetic response to changed CO2 environment and select materials or cultivars adapting to future elevated CO2 atmospheric environment in plant height characteristics. A mapping population of 65 indica (IR24) chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) with japonica (Asominori) background was used to detect quantitative trait locus (QTL) for plant height and its components containing panicle length and various internode lengths under ambient atmosphere CO2 concentration (Ambient, about 370 µmol CO2 mol-1) and FACE (exceed ambient CO2 concentration about 200 µmol mol-1). The main results indicated that plant height and its components of Asominori and IR24 under FACE were significantly different from these of Ambient at 1% probability level. Both positive and negative responses to elevated CO2 in plant height and its components of CSSLs were observed under FACE. Among them, eight CSSLs largely responded to elevated CO2, they were AI63 (increased 14.2 cm) and AI44 (reduced 4.54 cm) in plant height, AI9 (increased 3.56 cm) and AI12 (reduced 2.39 cm) in panicle length, AI39 (increased 15.74 cm) and AI27 (reduced 1.49 cm) in the first internode, AI32 (increased 8.09 cm) and AI53 (reduced 3.00 cm) in the second internode. Fourteen QTLs and 15 QTLs were detected under FACE and Ambient, respectively. Among them, 5 QTLs, named qPH6-4, qPH8-4, qPL8-4, qPL12-4, and qLFN6-4, were simultaneously detected under FACE and Ambient, the others were detected only under one CO2 level. Three QTLs, named qPH6-4QE, qPH8-4QE and qLSN5-4QE were found to have gene x environment interaction effects significantly. It is suggest that some new QTLs for plant height and its components can be detected under elevated CO2 condition, the QTLs being detected under unitary CO2 condition, natural ambient atmosphere or FACE are sensitive to CO2 concentration, plant height is controlled by the interaction effect between genotype and CO2 concentration.
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