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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2016年 17卷 1期

关键词：高原粳稻；骨干亲本；农艺性状；主成分分析；聚类分析；

Keywords:plateau japonica rice, backbone parents, agronomic characters, principal component analysis, cluster analysisplateau,

摘 要 ：对2个高原粳稻骨干亲本滇榆1号和轰早生及其衍生品种的农艺性状进行主成分及聚类分析。结果表明：（1）2个亲本的穗长、剑叶角度、宽度和结实率差异不显著，其余性状差异显著。（2）2个亲本衍生品种的剑叶角度、单株穗数、穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重存在较大差异，其余性状差异较小。（3）滇榆1号和轰早生衍生品种的前5个主因子累积贡献率分别为85.5%和85.3%，第一主成分因子分别是株型和粒数，其贡献率分别为39.9% 和41.1%。（4）74个品种聚为6类，其中85%的品种分布在第Ⅰ类和第Ⅲ类，这些品种的主要特征是株高90～100 cm，剑叶长25～34 cm，宽1.5～1.7 cm，穗长20 cm左右,每穗91～138粒，每株7穗，结实率和千粒重分别为85%和27 g。

Abstract:Phenotypic principal component and cluster analysis were carried out on agronomic characters of two Yunnan Plateau Japonica Rice backbone parents（Dianyu 1 and Todorokiwase）and their derivative varieties. The results showed that: (1) There were no significant differences in panicle length, flag leaf angle, flag leaf width and seed setting rate between two backbone parents compared to others agronomic characters. (2) There were also no much differences in agronomic characters among derivative varieties from two backbone parents except flag leaf angle, number of panicle per plant, number of filled spikelets per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight. (3) The accumulative contribution rate of five major principal component factors from these varieties derived from Dianyu 1 and Todorokiwase reached 85.54% and 85.27%, respectively. The first factors were plant type and number of grains per panicle, their contribution rate as 39.9% and 41.1% respectively. (4) Seventy-four varieties were clustered into six categories according to genetic distance, of which 85% of the varieties distributed in Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅲ. The main features of these varieties were plant height 90 ~ 100 cm, flag leaf length 25 ~ 34 cm, width of 1.5 ~ 1.7 cm, Panicle length of about 20 cm, 91 ~ 138 grains per spike, 7 spikes per plant. Seed setting rate per plant and 1000-grain weight were 85% and 27 g, respectively.

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