---

期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2015年 16卷 1期

关键词：大豆；水分胁迫；抗旱性；主成分分析；综合评价；

Keywords:soybean, water stress, drought resistance, principle component analysis, comprehensive evaluation,

摘 要 ：为了解不同基因型大豆花荚期抗旱表现，挖掘抗旱种质资源，在称重法人工控水条件下，通过干旱棚盆栽试验，在大豆植株的花荚期，测定22个品种（品系）的茎粗、株高、分枝数等与抗旱相关的18个表型性状和生理生化指标，以各项指标的干旱胁迫系数作为衡量抗旱性的指标，利用隶属函数值法、主成分分析和聚类分析对其抗旱性进行综合评价，结果表明，在水分胁迫条件下，大豆花荚期形态和生理生化指标抗旱系数都存在一定的变异，且变异系数均大于10%。主成分分析结果显示，5个主成分累计贡献率为84.82%，可代表大豆抗旱性84.82%的原始数据信息，利用抗旱性度量值（D值）进行聚类，可将供试品种（品系）划分为抗旱性强、中和弱3种类，晋大78、晋大74、晋大70和晋大73具有较强的抗旱能力，晋大75、扁茎豆、黑珍珠抗旱能力弱；其他15个品种（品系）具有中等抗旱能力。利用主成分分析与模糊聚类对大豆的抗旱性进行综合评价，可避免单一性状的片面性和不稳定性，为大豆抗旱性综合评价及抗旱品种选育提供一个较为有效的鉴定方法。

Abstract:In order to know the performance of different genotypes of soybean germplasms at flowering-podding stage, explore drought-resistant resource, we determined 18 morphological and biochemical indexes including stem thickness, branch No.and plant height in the pot experiment at flowering-podding stage with 22 soybean varieties(lines) widely grown under artificial water stress condition. Drought resistances of varieties were scored with drought coefficient method and principle component analysis and cluster under water stress. The result showed that there were certain variations of drought coefficient of 18 morphological and biochemical indexes under water stress and variation coefficient was more than 10%. The accumulative contribution rate of 5 comprehensive principle components was 84.82%, which could stand for 84.82% of primitive information of soybean drought resistance. Using drought-resistant balancing D-value, 22 different eco-type soybeans were divided into 3 types: high tolerant, moderate tolerant and weaker tolerant. In 22 varieties (lines), we screened out the high drought tolerant varieties consisting of ‘Jinda78’ , ‘Jinda74’ ,’Jinda70’ ,and ‘Jinda73’.The varieties (lines) ‘Jinda75’, ‘Bianjing’ and ‘Heizhenzhu’ had weaker drought resistance. The rest had medium drought resistance. We could avoid one-sidedness and instability by using principle component analysis and fuzzy cluster than single trait. The comprehensive D-value was a method for soybean drought resistance comprehensive evaluation and drought-resistant cultivars breeding, it could be used to identify soybean drought resistance.

---