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Chemical constituents from roots of Ailanthus altissima

臭椿树根化学成分研究



全 文 :中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷 第 10 期 2015 年 5 月

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臭椿树根化学成分研究
图斯库 1,张树军 1,李 涛 2,王金兰 1,赵 明 1
1. 齐齐哈尔大学化学与化学工程学院,黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161006
2. 齐齐哈尔医学院,黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161042
摘 要:目的 研究臭椿 Ailanthus altissima 根部的化学成分。方法 采用硅胶柱色谱和 HPLC 等分离方法,对臭椿树根正
己烷萃取物的化学成分进行分离,并经波谱数据分析鉴定结构。结果 分离得到了 14 个化合物,分别鉴定为 20β-羟基达玛
烷-24-烯-3-酮(1)、β-谷甾醇(2)、ocotillone(3)、5,6,7,8-四甲氧基香豆素(4)、尼洛替星(5)、isofouquierone peroxide(6)、
20S,24S-二羟基达玛烷-25-烯-3-酮(7)、匹西狄醇 A(8)、eichlerianic acid(9)、二氢尼洛替星(10)、12β,20β-二羟基达玛
烷-24-烯-3-酮(11)、铁屎米-6-酮(12)、12β-hydroxy ocotillone(13)、20S,25-epoxy-24R-hydroxy-3-dammaranone(14)。
结论 化合物 3、4、6、9、10、13 系首次从该植物中分离得到。
关键词:臭椿;5,6,7,8-四甲氧基香豆素;匹西狄醇 A;二氢尼洛替星;铁屎米-6-酮
中图分类号:R284.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253 - 2670(2015)10 - 1426 - 05
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2015.10.004
Chemical constituents from roots of Ailanthus altissima
TUSKUL Solovyev1, ZHANG Shu-jun1, LI Tao2, WANG Jin-lan1, ZHAO Ming1
1. Institute of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
2. Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar 161042, China
Abstract: Objective To study the chemical constituents from the roots of Ailanthus altissima. Methods Compounds were
isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC, and their structures were identified by spectral analysis.
Results Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as 20-hydroxydammar-24-en-3-one (1), β-sitosterol (2), ocotillone (3),
5,6,7,8-tetramethoxycoumarin (4), niloticin (5), isofouquierone peroxide (6), 20S,24S-dihydroxydammar-25-en-3-one (7), piscidinol
A (8), eichlerianic acid (9), dihydroniloticin (10), dammar-24-ene-12β,20β-diol-3-one (11), canthin-6-one (12), 12β-hydroxy
ocotillone (13), and 20S,25-epoxy-24R-hydroxy-3-dammaranne (14). Conclusion Compounds 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, and 13 are isolated
from this plant for the first time.
Key words: Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle; 5,6,7,8-tetramethoxycoumarin; piscidinol A; dihydroniloticin; canthin-6-one

臭椿 Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle 为苦木
科(Simaroubaceae)臭椿属 Ailanthus Desf. 落叶乔
木,又名山椿、樗树、白椿等,是中国本土树种,
除少数省区外,全国各地均有分布。臭椿皮也称樗
白皮,臭椿根皮也称椿根皮,具有清热燥湿、收涩
固肠、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒等作用,是我国民间
常用的中草药[1]。此外,臭椿根部表现出极强的化
感活性,根部周围土壤提取物能够明显抑制多种植
物种子发芽和生根,树皮及根皮提取物具有较强的
杀虫活性,也可做为除虫剂[2]。为进一步开发利用
臭椿植物资源,在前期对臭椿树枝化学成分研究[3]
的基础上,对臭椿树根甲醇浸出液正己烷萃取物的
化学成分进行了研究,得到 14 个化合物,分别鉴定
为 20β-羟基达玛烷-24-烯-3-酮(20-hydroxydammar-
24-en-3-one,1)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,2)、ocotillone
(3)、5,6,7,8-四甲氧基香豆素(5,6,7,8-tetramethoxy-
coumarin,4)、尼洛替星(niloticin,5)、isofouquierone
peroxide(6)、20S,24S-二羟基达玛烷-25-烯-3-酮
(20S,24S-dihydroxydammar-25-en-3-one,7)、匹西狄
醇 A(piscidinol A,8)、eichlerianic acid(9)、二氢
尼洛替星(10)、12β,20β-二羟基达玛烷-24-烯-3-酮
(dammar-24-ene-12β,20β-diol-3-one,11)、铁屎

收稿日期:2014-11-17
基金项目:精细化工黑龙江省高校重点实验室开放基金项目(JX201209)
作者简介:图斯库(1989—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为天然产物化学。E-mail: manutd24@mail.ru
中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷 第 10 期 2015 年 5 月

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米-6-酮(canthin-6-one,12)、12β-hydroxy ocotillone
(13) 、 20S,25-epoxy-24R-hydroxy-3-dammaranone
(14)。其中,化合物 3、4、6、9、10、13 系首次
从该植物中分离得到。
1 仪器与材料
X-6 显微熔点测定仪(北京泰克仪器有限公
司);Bruker AM-400 和 Bruker-600 MHz 型核磁共
振仪(德国 Bruker 公司);AUTOPOL V 型旋光仪
(美国鲁道夫公司);高效液相色谱仪:HITACHI
L-7100 泵,HITACHI L-3350 示差折光检测器,GL
SCIRNCES Inc. Inertsil PREP-ODS(250 mm×10
mm,5 μm)不锈钢柱;柱色谱用硅胶为青岛海洋
化工厂产品(200~300 目);薄层色谱硅胶板为烟
台化工厂生产,实验用有机溶剂均为分析纯。
实验材料 2012 年 5 月 3 日采于辽宁省凌源市,经
齐齐哈尔大学植物学教授沙伟鉴定为臭椿 Ailanthus
altissima (Mill.) Swingle 的根,标本(Ams-201200503)
保存于齐齐哈尔大学天然产物研究室。
2 提取与分离
干燥臭椿树根 10 kg 切碎,每次用 35 L 甲醇室
温浸泡 3 d 后滤过,重复 5 次,合并浸出液,减压
浓缩至 2.5 L,加水 1.9 L,依次用正己烷、醋酸乙
酯、正丁醇萃取,浓缩萃取液得到正己烷萃取物 84.1
g、醋酸乙酯萃取物 88.7 g、正丁醇萃取物 68.3 g。
取正己烷萃取物(59.0 g)用硅胶柱色谱分离,
依次用正己烷-醋酸乙酯(9∶1、1∶1、0∶1)洗脱,
TLC 监测合并相同流分,得到 10 个部分 F1~F10。
F6(16.7 g)用硅胶柱色谱分离,依次用正己
烷-醋酸乙酯(90∶10、85∶15、80∶20、60∶40、
1∶1)洗脱得到 6 个部分 F6-1~6-6。F6-4(8.7 g)
用硅胶柱色谱分离,依次用正己烷-醋酸乙酯(8∶2)、
醋酸乙酯洗脱,得化合物 1(416.1 mg)、3(433.0
mg);F6-5(3.8 g)用硅胶柱色谱分离,依次用正
己烷-醋酸乙酯(8∶2、1∶1)洗脱得化合物 2(2.0
g)和其他 5 个部分 F6-5-1~6-5-5;F6-5-4(650.1 mg)
用半制备 HPLC(正己烷-醋酸乙酯 8∶2,体积流量
4 mL/min)分离,得到化合物 4(7.9 mg,tR=13.0
min)、5(127.1 mg,tR=14.8 min);F6-5-4(529.9
mg)用半制备 HPLC(正己烷-醋酸乙酯 9∶1,体
积流量 4 mL/min)分离,得化合物 6(9.0 mg,tR=
28.2 min)、7(6.4 mg,tR=32.2 min)、8(8.4 mg,
tR=36.7 min)。F7(15.6 g)经硅胶柱色谱分离,正
己烷-醋酸乙酯(8∶2、7∶3)洗脱得化合物 9(450.2
mg)和其他 9 个部分 F7-1~7-9,F7-7(260.1 mg)
用半制备 HPLC(正己烷-醋酸乙酯 9∶1,体积流量
4 mL/min)分离,得化合物 10(22.7 mg,tR=25.4
min);F7-8(4.6 g)用硅胶柱色谱分离,依次用正
己烷-醋酸乙酯(8∶2、7∶3)洗脱,得化合物 11
(2.6 g)。F8(2.1 g)用醋酸乙酯重结晶得化合物 12
(70.0 mg);母液用硅胶柱色谱分离,正己烷-醋酸乙
酯(8.5∶1.5、6∶4)洗脱,得到 6 个部分(F8-1~
8-6)。F8-5(280.1 mg)用半制备 HPLC(正己烷-
醋酸乙酯 8∶2,体积流量 4 mL/min)分离,得化合
物 13(130.0 mg,tR=25.3 min)。F9(2.8 g)用硅
胶柱色谱分离,正己烷-醋酸乙酯(1∶1、0∶1)洗脱,
得到 5 个部分 F9-1~9-5。F9-4(409.8 mg)用半制备
HPLC(正己烷-醋酸乙酯 7∶3,体积流量 4 mL/min)
分离,得化合物 14(21.9 mg,tR=28.0 min)。
3 结构鉴定
化合物 1:白色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 171~
172 ℃; 25D]α[ +10° (c 0.5, MeOH)。1H-NMR (600
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.12 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-23), 2.49
(1H, m, H-2), 2.43 (1H, m, H-2), 2.05 (2H, m, H-23),
1.92 (1H, m, H-1), 1.85 (1H, m, H-1), 1.75 (2H, t, J =
7.5 Hz, H-16), 1.69 (3H, s, H-26), 1.67 (1H, m, H-5),
1.63 (3H, s, H-27), 1.60~1.20 (15H, m, H-6, 7, 9, 11,
12, 13, 15, 17, 22), 1.15 (3H, s, H-21), 1.08 (3H, s,
H-18), 1.04 (3H, s, H-28), 1.00 (3H, s, H-29), 0.94
(3H, s, H-19), 0.89 (3H, s, H-30);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 218.1 (C-3), 131.6 (C-25), 124.7
(C-24), 75.3 (C-20), 55.3 (C-5), 50.2 (C-14), 50.0
(C-9), 49.8 (C-17), 47.4 (C-4), 42.4 (C-13), 40.4
(C-22), 40.3 (C-8), 39.9 (C-1), 36.8 (C-10), 34.5
(C-7), 34.1 (C-2), 31.1 (C-15), 27.5 (C-28), 26.7
(C-16), 25.7 (C-26), 25.5 (C-12), 24.8 (C-21), 22.5
(C-23), 22.0 (C-29), 21.0 (C-11), 19.6 (C-6), 17.7
(C-27), 16.3 (C-30), 16.0 (C-18), 15.2 (C-19)。以上数据
与文献报道基本一致[4],故鉴定化合物 1 为 20β-羟基
-达玛烷-24-烯-3-酮。
化合物 2:无色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 135.1~
136.2 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.33 (1H,
dd, J = 5.0, 2.0 Hz, H-6), 3.51 (1H, tt, J = 8.5, 4.5 Hz,
H-3), 1.00 (3H, s, H-19), 0.92 (3H, d, J = 6.8 Hz,
H-21), 0.83 (3H, t, J = 7.3 Hz, H-26), 0.82 (3H, d, J =
6.8 Hz, H-28), 0.80 (3H, d, J = 6.8 Hz, H-29), 0.67
(3H, s, H-18)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[5],故
中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷 第 10 期 2015 年 5 月

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鉴定化合物 2 为 β-谷甾醇。
化合物 3:无色羽状晶体(氯仿),mp 186~
187.5 ℃; 25D]α[ −94° (c 0.5, MeOH)。1H-NMR (600
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.73 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-24), 2.49
(1H, m, H-2), 2.43 (1H, m, H-2), 1.21 (3H, s, H-21),
1.14 (3H, s, H-26), 1.12 (3H, s, H-27), 1.08 (3H, s,
H-19), 1.04 (3H, s, H-28), 0.99 (3H, s, H-29), 0.93
(3H, s, H-30), 0.88 (3H, s, H-18);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 218.0 (C-3), 86.3 (C-20), 83.3
(C-24), 71.4 (C-25), 55.3 (C-5), 50.1 (C-14), 50.0
(C-9), 49.5 (C-17), 47.4 (C-4), 43.8 (C-13), 40.3
(C-8), 39.9 (C-1), 36.9 (C-10), 35.7 (C-22), 34.6
(C-7), 34.1 (C-2), 31.4 (C-15), 27.5 (C-26), 27.4
(C-16), 26.7 (C-29), 26.1 (C-23), 25.7 (C-12), 24.3
(C-27), 23.6 (C-21), 22.1 (C-11), 21.0 (C-28), 19.7
(C-6), 16.4 (C-30), 16.0 (C-18), 15.1 (C-19)。以上数
据与文献报道基本一致 [4],故鉴定化合物 3 为
ocotillone。
化合物 4:浅黄色无定形物(醋酸乙酯),mp
54~56 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 7.94 (1H,
d, J = 9.6 Hz, H-4), 6.29 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz, H-3), 4.04
(3H, s, 5-OCH3), 3.98 (3H, s, 7-OCH3), 3.97 (3H, s,
6-OCH3), 3.90 (3H, s, 8-OCH3);13C-NMR (150 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 160.4 (C-2), 150.7 (C-7), 145.1 (C-6), 144.3
(C-5), 142.4 (C-8), 138.8 (C-4), 136.9 (C-9), 114.1
(C-3), 109.5 (C-10), 62.1 (5-OCH3), 61.9 (7-OCH3),
61.8 (6-OCH3), 61.5 (8-OCH3)。以上数据与文献报道
基本一致[6],故鉴定化合物 4 为 5,6,7,8-四甲氧基香
豆素。
化合物 5:无色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 146.2~
147.6 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.32 (1H,
brd, J = 3.0 Hz, H-7), 3.58 (1H, dt, J = 8.2, 6.4 Hz,
H-23), 2.74 (1H, dt, J = 14.5, 5.6 Hz, H-2a), 2.64 (1H,
d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-24), 2.27 (1H, m, H-2b), 2.23 (1H, dt,
J = 14.0, 3.3 Hz, H-6a), 2.07 (2H, m, H-6b, 9), 2.03
(1H, m, H-1a), 1.98 (1H, m, H-1b), 1.80 (1H, m, H-5),
1.34 (3H, s, H-26), 1.32 (3H, s, H-27), 1.12 (3H, s,
H-19), 1.05 (3H, s, H-28), 1.02 (3H, s, H-30), 1.01
(3H, s, H-29), 0.96 (1H, d, J = 6.1 Hz, H-21), 0.81
(3H, s, H-18);13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 216.9
(C-3), 145.7 (C-8), 118.0 (C-7), 69.3 (C-23), 68.4
(C-24), 60.3 (C-25), 53.3 (C-17), 52.4 (C-5), 51.2
(C-14), 48.5 (C-9), 47.9 (C-4), 43.6 (C-13), 40.7
(C-22), 38.6 (C-1), 35.0 (C-10), 34.9 (C-2), 34.0
(C-15), 33.6 (C-12), 33.5 (C-20), 28.8 (C-16), 27.4
(C-30), 24.9 (C-28), 24.6 (C-27), 24.4 (C-6), 21.8
(C-29), 21.6 (C-26), 19.9 (C-21), 19.8 (C-19), 18.3
(C-11), 12.8 (C-18)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[7],
故鉴定化合物 5 为尼洛替星。
化合物 6:无色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 80~81 ℃;
25
D]α[ +37° (c 0.3, CHCl3)。 1H-NMR (600 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 5.79 (1H, dt, J = 15.8, 7.4 Hz, H-23), 5.62
(1H, d, J = 15.8 Hz, H-24), 2.53 (1H, m, H-2a), 2.43
(1H, m, H-2b), 2.20 (2H, m, H-22), 1.92 (1H, m, H-1),
1.86 (1H, m, H-1), 1.74 (2H, m, H-5, 16a), 1.68 (1H,
m, H-16b), 1.60~1.40 (7H, m, H-6, 7, 12, 13, 17),
1.38 (1H, m, H-15), 1.36 (3H, s, H-26), 1.35 (3H, s,
H-27), 1.35~1.20 (4H, m, H-9, 11, 15), 1.14 (3H, s,
H-21), 1.11 (1H, m, H-12), 1.08 (3H, s, H-30), 1.04
(1H, m, H-29), 1.00 (3H, s, H-28), 0.94 (3H, s, H-19),
0.88 (3H, s, H-18);13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ:
218.1 (C-3), 137.3 (C-24), 127.2 (C-23), 82.1 (C-25),
75.0 (C-20), 55.3 (C-5), 50.2 (C-14), 50.1 (C-9), 49.9
(C-17), 47.4 (C-4), 43.3 (C-13), 42.5 (C-22), 40.3
(C-8), 39.9 (C-1), 36.8 (C-10), 34.5 (C-7), 34.1 (C-2),
31.1 (C-15), 27.5 (C-27), 26.7 (C-26), 25.8 (C-12),
24.8 (C-16), 24.4 (C-28), 24.1 (C-21), 21.9 (C-11),
21.0 (C-29), 19.6 (C-6), 16.3 (C-30), 16.0 (C-18), 15.2
(C-19)。以上数据文献报道一致[8],故鉴定化合物 6
为 isofouquierone peroxide。
化合物 7:无色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 92~
93.5 ℃; 25D]α[ +60° (c 1.25, MeOH)。1H-NMR (600
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.02 (2H, m, H-26), 4.29 (1H, t, J =
6.0 Hz, H-24), 2.51 (1H, dt, J = 14.0, 7.5 Hz, H-2a),
2.43 (1H, dt, J = 14.0, 4.5 Hz, H-2b), 1.92 (1H, m,
H-1), 1.82 (1H, m, H-1), 1.76 (3H, s, H-27), 1.14 (3H,
s, H-21), 1.08 (3H, s, H-18), 1.04 (3H, s, H-28), 0.99
(3H, s, H-29), 0.94 (3H, s, H-19), 0.88 (3H, s, H-30);
13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 218.1 (C-3), 143.6
(C-25), 114.2 (C-26), 76.4 (C-24), 75.1 (C-20), 55.7
(C-5), 50.6 (C-9), 50.5 (C-17), 50.4 (C-14), 47.6
(C-4), 42.8 (C-13), 40.6 (C-8), 40.2 (C-1), 37.1
(C-10), 37.0 (C-22), 34.8 (C-7), 34.3 (C-2), 31.4
(C-15), 29.4 (C-23), 27.7 (C-12), 26.9 (C-28), 25.1
(C-16), 25.0 (C-21), 22.3 (C-11), 21.1 (C-29), 19.9
(C-6), 17.6 (C-27), 16.5 (C-30), 16.1 (C-18), 15.3
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(C-19)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[9],故鉴定化
合物 7 为 20S,24S-二羟基达玛烷-25-烯-3-酮。
化合物 8:无色针晶(丙酮),mp 179~180 ℃;
25
D]α[ −176° (c 0.5, MeOH)。1H-NMR (400 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 5.31 (1H, t, J = 4.5 Hz, H-7), 4.12 (1H, dd,
J = 4.4, 8.8 Hz, H-23), 3.17 (1H, s, H-24), 1.32 (3H, s,
H-26), 1.31 (3H, s, H-27), 1.12 (3H, s, H-19), 1.05
(3H, s, H-29), 1.02 (3H, s, H-28), 1.01 (3H, s, H-30),
0.94 (3H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, H-21), 0.82 (3H, s, H-18);
13C-NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 217.1 (C-3), 145.7
(C-8), 117.9 (C-7), 75.1 (C-24), 74.3 (C-25), 69.7
(C-23), 53.8 (C-17), 52.3 (C-5), 51.2 (C-14), 48.4
(C-9), 47.8 (C-13), 43.5 (C-4), 40.5 (C-22), 38.5
(C-1), 35.0 (C-10), 34.9 (C-2), 34.0 (C-12), 33.8
(C-15), 33.7 (C-20), 28.4 (C-16), 27.3 (C-27), 27.3
(C-30), 26.2 (C-26), 24.5 (C-28), 24.3 (C-6), 22.0
(C-18), 21.5 (C-29), 18.9 (C-21), 18.3 (C-11), 12.7
(C-19)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[10],故鉴定
化合物 8 为匹西狄醇 A。
化合物 9:白色脂状物; 25D]α[ +41° (c 0.96,
CHCl3)。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 4.85 (1H, s,
H-28), 4.66 (1H, s, H-28), 3.74 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz,
H-24), 2.38 (1H, m, H-2), 2.19 (1H, m, H-2), 1.97
(1H, brd, J = 10.7 Hz, H-5), 1.73 (3H, s, H-29), 1.20
(3H, s, H-27), 1.13 (3H, s, H-26), 1.12 (3H, s, H-21),
0.99 (3H, s, H-18), 0.89 (3H, s, H-30), 0.84 (3H, s,
H-19);13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 179.8 (C-3),
147.5 (C-4), 113.5 (C-28), 86.4 (C-20), 83.3 (C-24),
71.6 (C-25), 50.8 (C-17), 50.4 (C-14), 49.5 (C-9), 43.0
(C-13), 41.1 (C-5), 40.0 (C-8), 39.1 (C-10), 35.8
(C-22), 34.3 (C-2), 33.9 (C-7), 31.5 (C-6), 31.5
(C-15), 27.4 (C-27), 27.2 (C-16), 26.2 (C-23), 25.7
(C-12), 24.6 (C-1), 24.2 (C-26), 23.5 (C-21), 23.2
(C-29), 22.1 (C-11), 20.1 (C-19), 16.4 (C-30), 15.3
(C-18)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[4],故鉴定化
合物 9 为 eichlerianic acid。
化合物 10:无色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 177.5~
178.5 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.27 (1H,
dd, J = 6.4, 3.0 Hz, H-7), 3.58 (1H, dt, J = 8.2, 6.4 Hz,
H-23), 3.24 (1H, dd, J = 11.6, 4.1 Hz, H-3), 2.67 (1H,
d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-24), 2.19 (1H, m, H-6a), 2.14 (1H, m,
H-6b), 2.03 (1H, m, H-9), 1.96 (1H, m, H-2a), 1.80
(1H, m, H-2b), 1.34 (3H, s, H-26), 1.32 (3H, s, H-27),
0.99 (3H, s, H-19), 0.98 (3H, s, H-30), 0.96 (1H, d, J =
6.1 Hz, H-21), 0.86 (3H, s, H-28), 0.82 (3H, s, H-29),
0.75 (3H, s, H-18);13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ:
145.6 (C-8), 118.1 (C-7), 79.3 (C-3), 69.3 (C-23), 68.5
(C-24), 60.3 (C-25), 53.3 (C-17), 51.2 (C-14), 50.6
(C-5), 48.9 (C-9), 43.6 (C-13), 40.7 (C-22), 39.0
(C-4), 37.2 (C-1), 34.9 (C-10), 34.0 (C-12), 33.6
(C-15), 33.6 (C-20), 28.8 (C-2), 27.7 (C-16), 27.6
(C-28), 27.2 (C-30), 24.9 (C-27), 24.0 (C-6), 21.8
(C-18), 20.0 (C-21), 19.9 (C-26), 18.2 (C-11), 14.7
(C-29), 13.1 (C-19)。以上数据与文献报道一致[10],
故鉴定化合物 10 为二氢尼洛替星。
化合物 11:白色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 188.9~
191.0 ℃; 25D]α[ +80° (c 0.5, MeOH)。1H-NMR (600
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 5.17 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-24), 3.61
(1H, ddd, J = 10.4, 10.4, 5.2 Hz, H-12), 2.51 (1H, m,
H-2), 2.43 (1H, m, H-2), 2.17 (1H, m, H-1), 2.05 (2H,
m, H-22), 1.97 (1H, m, H-1), 1.85 (2H, m, H-11), 1.75
(1H, t, J = 10.6 Hz, H-5), 1.70 (3H, s, H-26), 1.64
(3H, s, H-27), 1.60~1.23 (13H, m, H-6, 7, 9, 13, 15,
16, 17, 22), 1.20 (3H, s, H-21), 1.08 (3H, s, H-18),
1.04 (3H, s, H-28), 1.02 (3H, s, H-29), 0.98 (3H, s,
H-19), 0.89 (3H, s, H-30);13C-NMR (150 MHz,
CDCl3) δ: 217.8 (C-3), 132.0 (C-25), 124.8 (C-24),
74.6 (C-20), 70.6 (C-12), 55.3 (C-5), 53.3 (C-17), 51.6
(C-14), 49.3 (C-9), 48.0 (C-13), 47.4 (C-4), 39.7
(C-1), 39.7 (C-8), 36.8 (C-10), 34.1 (C-2), 34.2 (C-7),
34.3 (C-22), 31.5 (C-15), 30.9 (C-11), 27.0 (C-28),
26.7 (C-21), 26.4 (C-16), 25.7 (C-26), 22.3 (C-23),
21.0 (C-29), 19.6 (C-6), 17.7 (C-27), 16.7 (C-30), 15.9
(C-18), 15.4 (C-19)。以上数据与文献报道基本一致[3],
故鉴定化合物 11 为 12β,20β-二羟基-达玛烷-24-烯-
3-酮。
化合物 12:无色针晶(醋酸乙酯),mp 156~
157 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.81 (1H, d,
J = 5.0 Hz, H-2), 8.64 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-8), 8.18
(1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz, H-11), 8.01 (1H, d, J = 9.7 Hz,
H-4), 7.92 (1H, d, J = 5.0 Hz, H-1), 7.69 (1H, t, J =
8.2 Hz, H-9), 7.52 (1H, t, J = 8.2 Hz, H-10), 6.98 (1H,
d, J = 9.7 Hz, H-5);13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ:
159.4 (C-6), 145.8 (C-2), 139.6 (C-4), 139.4 (C-3a),
136.2 (C-7a), 131.9 (C-11c), 130.8 (C-11b), 130.2
(C-5), 128.9 (C-11a), 125.6 (C-9), 124.3 (C-11), 122.6
中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 46 卷 第 10 期 2015 年 5 月

·1430·
(C-10), 117.2 (C-8), 116.3 (C-1)。以上数据与文献对
照基本一致[3],故鉴定化合物 12 为铁屎米-6-酮。
化合物 13:针状透明晶体(醋酸乙酯),mp
172~173 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.88
(1H, dd, J = 10.8, 5.4 Hz, H-24), 3.54 (1H, m, H-12),
2.51 (1H, m, H-2), 2.44 (1H, m, H-2), 1.28 (3H, s,
H-26), 1.24 (3H, s, H-27), 1.11 (3H, s, H-21), 1.08
(3H, s, H-19), 1.05 (3H, s, H-28), 1.04 (3H, s, H-29),
0.97 (3H, s, H-30), 0.92 (3H, s, H-18);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CDCl3) δ: 217.8 (C-3), 87.5 (C-24), 87.1
(C-20), 70.4 (C-12), 70.1 (C-25), 55.3 (C-5), 52.2
(C-14), 49.6 (C-9), 49.0 (C-13), 48.9 (C-17), 47.4
(C-4), 39.7 (C-1), 39.6 (C-8), 36.9 (C-10), 34.1 (C-7),
32.2 (C-2), 32.1 (C-11), 31.7 (C-15), 29.7 (C-22), 28.9
(C-27), 28.5 (C-23), 28.1 (C-21), 26.7 (C-28), 25.1
(C-16), 24.3 (C-26), 20.1 (C-29), 19.7 (C-6), 17.7
(C-18), 16.1 (C-30), 15.1 (C-19)。以上数据与文献报
道基本一致[11],故鉴定化合物 13 为 12β-hydroxy
ocotillone。
化合物 14:针状透明晶体(醋酸乙酯),mp
175~176 ℃。1H-NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.40
(1H, brd, J = 10.2 Hz, H-24), 2.50 (1H, m, H-2), 2.43
(1H, m, H-2), 1.92 (1H, m, H-1), 1.82 (1H, m, H-12),
1.77 (1H, m, H-17), 1.73 (1H, m, H-22), 1.67~1.25
(18H, m, H-1, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 22, 23),
1.23 (3H, s, H-27), 1.18 (3H, s, H-26), 1.16 (3H, s,
H-21), 1.08 (3H, s, H-28), 1.04 (3H, s H-29), 1.00
(3H, s, H-18), 0.95 (3H, s, H-18), 0.89 (3H, s H-30);
13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 218.1 (C-3), 78.8
(C-24), 75.5 (C-20), 73.1 (C-25), 55.3 (C-5), 50.3
(C-14), 49.8 (C-17), 48.9 (C-9), 47.4 (C-4), 42.6
(C-13), 40.2 (C-8), 39.8 (C-1), 37.1 (C-22), 36.8
(C-10), 34.5 (C-7), 34.1 (C-2), 31.1 (C-15), 27.4
(C-12), 26.7 (C-28), 26.5 (C-27), 25.6 (C-16), 25.2
(C-21), 24.9 (C-23), 23.3 (C-26), 22.0 (C-29), 20.9
(C-11), 19.6 (C-6), 16.3 (C-30), 16.0 (C-19), 15.2
(C-18)。以上数据与文献报道一致[3],故鉴定化合物
14 为 20S,25-epoxy-24R-hydroxy-3-dammaranone。
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