Abstract:Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the root of Rheum wittrochii. Method: Chromatography and spectroscopic analysis were used to isolate and elucidate the chemical constituents in the plant. Result: Six compounds, namely chrysophanol, physcion, emodin, chrysophanol-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and β sitosterol, have been isolated from petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fractions. Conclusion: All the above cited compounds were isolated from the title plant for the first time, and anthraquinone compounds are some of the major constituents of R. wittrochii.