Abstract:Objective:To set up a toxonomic approach to the morphological charcateristics of fruits and seeds of Chinese Caesalpinia.Method:The ripe fruits collected in the field are dried in the shade,are surveyed and described.and the fruit‘s and seed‘s morphological characteristics.Result:The interspecific differences of morphological characteristics among the fruits and seeds are obvious.The characteristics are stable.A key for their identification is given.Conclusion:The above approach can be used as the taxonomic criteria for species differentiation.