Study on aescin metabolism in intestinal flora in vitro Advances in studies on chemical constituents, bioactivities, and clinical application of medicinal plants in Aesculus L. Estimating paleoenvironments using ecological niche models of nearest living relatives: A case study of Eocene Aesculus L. Estimating ancestral distributions of lineages with uncertain sister groups: a statistical approach to Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis and a case using Aesculus L. (Sapindaceae) including fossils Variation of Escin Contents and Components in Aesculus Seeds among Different Origins The utility of the morphological variation of pollen for resolving the evolutionary history of Billia (subfam. Hippocastanoideae, Sapindaceae) Advances in studies on extract from seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum Studies on Introduction and Cultivation ofAesculus from North American Comparison of Leaf Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters in Three Species of Aesculus Linn. DNA barcode identification of original species in Aesculus Linn. Quantified analysis of triterpenoid saponins in Semen Aesculi by HPLC Studies on Sapogenins of Aesculu swilsonii Rehd. Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Japanese Buckeye Seed (Aesculus turbinata) Ⅰ.Isolation and Identification of Escins Ⅰa and Ⅰb Advances in studies on chemical constituents, bioactivities, and clinical application of medicinal plants in AesculusL. Study on the Breeding System of Aesculus chinensis Studies on tissue culture for bud of stem in Aesculus wilsonii Studies on triterpenoid saponins from seeds of Aesculus wilsonii Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Japanese Buckeye Seed