以山东省黄泛区茌平县为研究区,在对农田土壤理化性状进行全面调查分析和质量评价的基础上,以数理统计方法对小麦/玉米轮作、露天蔬菜、日光温室蔬菜和塑料大棚蔬菜4种种植模式下20种土壤的理化性状和土壤质量的差异性进行分析,探讨了不同种植模式与土壤理化性状和质量的关系.结果表明：不同种植模式下土壤含水量、有机质和氮、磷、钾等大量元素、有效硫、有效锌、土壤pH值和全盐有显著或极显著差异；各模式下有效磷和日光温室蔬菜模式下有效硫具有相对较大的变异性.不同种植模式对土壤质量的影响显著,总的趋势为设施蔬菜高于露天蔬菜,菜田模式高于粮田模式，对化学性状的影响高于物理性状，对有机质和大量元素的影响高于中量元素,对微量元素的影响较小.其原因主要是由于小麦玉米作物秸秆还田、含硫肥料和锌肥的施用及设施蔬菜长期大量施肥的影响.
Taking Chiping County in the Yellow River alluvial plain of Shandong Province as study area, a systematical survey was conducted on the 20 parameters of farmland soil physical and chemical properties under wheat/corn rotation, open air vegetable planting, sunlight greenhouse vegetable planting, and plastic shed vegetable planting, aimed to evaluate the effects of different planting patterns on the farmland soil quality in the plain. Significant differences (P<0.05 or P<0.01) were observed in the soil pH, soil moisture content, and the contents of soil organic matter, N, P, K, available S and Zn, and total salt under different planting patterns. The soil available P under all tested planting patterns and the soil available S under sunlight greenhouse vegetable planting presented a comparatively higher variability. Different planting patterns had significant effects on the soil quality, with the trend of protected vegetable planting>open air vegetable planting>wheat/corn rotation. The effects were higher on soil chemical properties than on soil physical properties, and higher on soil organic matter and macronutrients than on soil secondary nutrients. Soil micronutrients were less affected. The main causes for these were the straw-returning of wheat and corn, the application of sulfur-containing and zinc fertilizers, and the long-term high rate fertilization of protected vegetable planting.