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作 者 ：李灿,金道超,柳琼友,李子忠

期 刊 ：生态学报 2007年 27卷 8期 页码：3532~3535

关键词：药材甲；温度；种群；生命参数；发育历期；繁殖力；

Keywords:Stegobium paniceum (L.), temperature, life parameters, development time, power of reproduction,

摘 要 ：通过室内控制温湿度下的种群生态学研究，考察了梯度恒温17～32 ℃下，温度对药材甲实验种群存活、发育和繁殖的影响。结果表明，在实验温度范围内，幼虫发育历期随温度的升高而缩短，在17，20，23，26，29 ℃和32 ℃下，分别需要74.4，67.6，522，46，36.6 d和36.2 d；温度对卵孵化率、幼虫和蛹存活率、成虫单雌产卵量等参数的影响显著；药材甲种群卵量和种群增长指数均符合二次方程抛物线模型，种群下一代卵量的拟合方程为N_pe =-6.338 t² + 339.01t -3403.4, r＝0.953**；种群增长指数拟合方程为I_pg =-0.070 t² + 3.767 t-37.816, r＝0.953**；净增殖率、内禀增长率、周期增长率、平均世代周期等参数与温度之间的关系均极显著相关。

Abstract:Stegobium paniceum (L.), one of the important stored products pests, have been distributed widely all over the world. It does great harm to stored tabacco, flour, dry mixes, chocolate, cookies, stored grains and dried fruits and so on. In China, the pest mainly attacked Chinese Medicinal Materials. In this paper, the effects of temperatures on development and reproductive potential of experimental populations of S. paniceum (L.) were analyzed in laboratory under 17，20，23，26，29 ℃ and 32 ℃. In our experiment, 12-hours old mated females were confined individually in box with host food Kansui root, one Chinese medicinal material, and were exposed to the constant temperatures in temperature chamber. 30 eggs were glued on host (50 g) and were then placed in each temperature chamber at (17±0.5), (20±0.5), (23±0.5), (26±0.5), (29±0.5) ℃ and (32±0.5)℃ (a photoperiod of 14∶10 (L∶D) and relative humidity (75%±3%), respectively. 3 replicates was designed for each temperature treatment. Hatching rate of eggs, livability of both pupae and larvae, oviposition of each female adult and other population parameter in each temperature treatment were redcorded.
Under different constant temperature conditions in the range of 17-32 ℃, the significantly shorter development time of S. paniceum (L.) was found with the increase of temperature. Development time of the larvae decreased with an increase of temperature, 74.4 d at 17 ℃ to 36.2 d at 32 ℃. Remarkable effect of temperature to the hatching rate, to the livability of both larvae and pupae, to the oviposition of each female adult was also observed. The most suitable temperature for population number increase was 26.75 ℃. The intrinsic increase rate (r_m) increased with temperature until a maximum of 0.061 at 29 ℃. The reproduction rates (R₀) reached their peaks at 29 ℃, with values of 31.98. Reproductive activity was also greatly affected at both lower and higher temperatures. Our results suggested development time and reproductive potential of S. paniceum (L.) were influenced greatly by temperature.

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