全 文 ：荨麻科楼梯草属三种植物花序的补充描述*
吴增源1,2,3, 王摇 红1,2, 李德铢1,2**
(1 中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室, 云南 昆明摇 650201; 2 中国科学院
西南野生生物种质资源库, 云南 昆明摇 650201; 3 中国科学院研究生院, 北京摇 100049)
摘要: 楼梯草属的花序不但是反映该属进化趋势的重要器官之一, 而且还是该属的属下划分及种间鉴定的
关键性状。 本文基于大量的有花标本研究, 并参照模式标本及相关文献资料对该属的三种植物花序形态进
行了补充描述。
关键词: 楼梯草属; 花序; 补充描述
中图分类号: Q 949摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 文献标识码: A摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 文章编号: 2095-0845(2012)01-013-04
Supplementary Description of Inflorescences of Three
Species in Elatostema (Urticaceae)
WU Zeng鄄Yuan1,2,3, WANG Hong1,2, LI De鄄Zhu1,2**
(1 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;
2 Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China;
3 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
Abstract: The inflorescence of Elatostema is not only one of the key characters helpful to understand the evolution鄄
ary trend in various infra鄄generic taxa, but also plays important role in the delimitation of its sections and series. In
this paper, based on careful examinations of inflorescences from several voucher specimens including type and litera鄄
tures, the description of inflorescences of three species in this genus was presented.
Key words: Elatostema; Inflorescences; Supplementary description
摇 Elatostema J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. is the sec鄄
ond largest genus in Urticaceae, with about 300 spe鄄
cies so far recorded, mainly distributed in tropical
and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia and Oceania
(Lin et al., 2003). In China, about 146 species
are described, with a greater number of species re鄄
ported from tropical and subtropical regions south of
the Qinling Mountains (Lin et al., 2003).
The inflorescences of Elatostema are determi鄄
nate (Wang, 2009). Staminate inflorescences are
the one of important discriminative characters to in鄄
fra鄄generic taxa, as well as the delimitation of its
sections and series. Similarly, the pistillate capitu鄄
lum is a useful character for distinguishing the spe鄄
cies within each series (Wang, 1995, 2010). How鄄
ever, short and incomplete descriptions of these
characters have been provided for many taxa when
they were first reported, the limited availability of
information with several specimens and some taxa is
dioecious. In this paper, the supplementary descrip鄄
植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报摇 2012, 34 (1): 13 ~ 16
Plant Diversity and Resources摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 DOI: 10. 3724 / SP. J. 1143. 2012. 11089
*
**
Foundation item: The Keynote Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (40830209), the Knowledge Innovation Program,
Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2鄄YW鄄N鄄029)
Author for correspondence; E鄄mail: dzl@ mail. kib. ac. cn
Received date: 2011-06-07, Accepted date: 2011-08-04
作者简介: 吴增源 (1987-) 女, 博士研究生, 从事荨麻科系统学和生物地理学研究。
tion of inflorescences of three Elatostema species are
given and illustrated. Description was based on sev鄄
eral voucher specimens deposited in the Chinese Na鄄
tional Herbarium of Institute of Botany (PE) and the
Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany (KUN),
Chinese Academy of Sciences.
1摇 Elatostema prunifolium W. T. Wang in Bull. Bot.
Lab. N. 鄄E. Forest Inst., 7: 27. 1980; et in Fl.
Reip. Pop. Sin. 23 (2): 215, pl. 44: 2. 1995;
Q. Lin et al. in Fl. China 5: 135, p. p. excl. syn.
E. quinquecostato W. T. Wang; C. X. Yang et al.,
in Keys Vasc. Pl. Chongqing 150. 2009; W. T.
Wang in Guihaia 30 (6): 719, Fig. 1: G. 2010.
Ad desc. orig. add. : Capitula pistillata singu鄄
lariter axillaria; pedunculus ca. 1. 5 mm longus, gla鄄
ber; receptaculum ellipticum, ca. 4 mm longum, 2. 5
mm latum, glabrum; bracteae ca. 18, anguste trian鄄
gulares vel lineares, 1-1. 5 mm longae, 0. 25-0. 5
mm latae, sparse ciliatae, apice pungentes; bracteo鄄
lae numerosae, densae, membranaceae, semihyali鄄
nae, albidae, lineares vel lineari鄄oblanceolatae, 1-
1. 5 mm longae, superne sparse ciliatae vel glabrae,
apice pungentes. Achenia brunneola, anguste ellip鄄
soidea, 0. 8 伊 0. 2 mm, costata et tuberculata.
Pistillate capitula singularly axillary; peduncle
ca. 1. 5 mm long, glabrous; receptacle conspicu鄄
ous, elliptic; ca. 4 mm long, 2. 5 mm broad, gla鄄
brous; bracts brownish, ca. 18, narrow鄄triangular
or linear, 1-1. 5 mm long, 0. 25 -0. 5 mm broad,
sparsely ciliate, at apex pungent; bracteoles numer鄄
ous, dense, membranous, semi鄄hyaline, whitish,
linear or linear鄄oblanceolate, ca. 1 -1. 5 mm long,
above sparsely ciliate or glabrous, at apex pungent.
Achenes brownish, narrow鄄ellipsoidal, ribbed and
tuberculate.
Fig. 1摇 (A)鄄(D) Elatostema prunifolium W. T. Wang (A) pistillate capitulum, (B) pistillate bract, (C) pistillate bracteoles,
(D) achenes. (E)鄄(G) E. backeri H. Schr觟ter (E) pistillate bract, (F) pistillate bracteoles. (G) achenes. (H)鄄(K) E. alnifolium
W. T. Wang (H) pistillate capitula in pairs axillary, (I) achenes, (J) pistillate bracteoles, (K) pistillate bracts
41摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 植 物 分 类 与 资 源 学 报摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 第 34 卷
摇 摇 Voucher specimens: Sichuan: Nanchuan coun鄄
ty, Huangniya village, alt. 1 300 m, 28 May 1986,
Zheng鄄Yu Liu 8671 ( PE); Houhe hill side, alt.
900 m, 11 Jun. 1986, Jinfoshan Expedition 0985
(PE); Guangfu bridge, alt. 750 m, 15 Apr. 1995,
Zheng鄄Yu Liu 13365 (PE).
2摇 E. backeri H. Schr觟ter in Repert. Sp. Nov. Regni
Veg. 83 (2): 155. 1936; W. T. Wang in Bull.
Bot. Lab. N. 鄄E. Forest. Inst., 7: 35. 1980; et in
Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 23 (2): 231. 1995; S. S.
Chang et al. in Fl. Guizhou. 4: 52, 1989; H. W.
Li in Fl. Yunnan 7: 276, p. l. 69: 1 -2. 1997;
W. T. Wang in Fl. Guihaia 2: 853. 2005. Fig. 2
Ad desc. orig. add. : Capitula pistillata sessilia,
singulariter axillaria; receptaculum suborbiculare,
0. 8 -1. 5 mm in diam., subglabrum; bracteae ca.
25, virides, lineares vel anguste lineares, 0. 8-1. 2
mm longae, 0. 1-0. 2 mm latae, dense ciliatae; brac鄄
teolae virides, denssissime ciliatae. Achenia brunne鄄
ola, anguste ellipsoidea, 0. 7 伊0. 2 mm, tuberculata.
Pistillate capitula sessile, singularly axillary;
receptacle suborbicular, 0. 8-1. 5 mm in diameter,
subglabrous; bracts ca. 25, green, linear or narrowly
linear, 0. 8-1. 2 mm 伊 0. 1-0. 2 mm, densely ciliate;
bracteoles green, dense, narrowly linear, 0. 8-1 mm
long, very densely ciliate. Achenes brownish, narrowly
ellipsoidal, 0. 7 伊 0. 2 mm, densely tuberculate.
Fig. 2摇 (A)鄄(C) Elatostema alnifolium W. T. Wang (A) pistillate capitulum, (B) achene, (C) pistillate bracteoles.
(D)鄄(G) E. prunifolium W. T. Wang (D) pistillate capitulum, (E) pistillate bract, (F) pistillate bracteoles,
(G) achene. (H)鄄(J) E. backeri H. Schr觟ter (H) pistillate capitulum, (I) pistillate bracteoles, (J) achene
511 期摇 摇 摇 WU Zeng鄄Yuan et al. : Supplementary Description of Inflorescences of Three Species in Elatostema …摇 摇 摇 摇
摇 摇 Voucher specimens: Yunnan: Malipo coun鄄
ty, Man gun dong cave, alt. 200 m, 13 Aug. 2003,
Yu鄄Min Shui & Wen鄄Hong Chen (PE), 104毅47忆16义
E 22毅 58忆 10义 N, 19 Nov. 2002, Yu鄄Min Shui &
Deng鄄Gao Wang 21837 (PE); Gejiu county, Man鄄
hao village, L俑shui River, in the limestone forest,
alt. 350 m, 24 Jul. 2005, Yu鄄Min Shui, Wen鄄Hong
Chen, Mei鄄De Zhang, Zhi鄄Dan Wei 44314 (PE).
3摇 E. alnifolium W. T. Wang in Bull. Bot. Lab.
N. 鄄E. Forest. Inst. 7: 86, photo. 6. 1980; et in
Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 23 (2): 313, pl. 67: 11-12.
1995; Q. Lin et al. in Fl. China 5: 161. 2003;
Y. M. Shui et al. Seed Pl. Honghe Reg. SE Yunnan,
China 231. 2003.
Ad desc. orig. add. : Capitula pistillata singu鄄
lariter vel binatim axillaria, sessilia; receptaculum
late rectangulare, ca. 8 伊 5 mm, vel suborbiculare,
4-5 mm in diam, glabrum; bracteae ca. 25, anguste
triangulares, 1. 2-1. 5 mm longae, 0. 3-0. 5 mm la鄄
tae, margine breviter crasseque ciliatae; bracteolae
numerosae, densae, membranaceae, semihyalinae,
albidae, lineares, 1-1. 5 mm longae, prope apicem
longe ciliatae; ramuli multi inter bracteolas ad re鄄
ceptaculum crescentes, valde complanati, semihya鄄
lini, albidi, late oblongi, ca. 0. 7 mm longi, 0. 25
mm lati, glabri, flore pistillato terminati, infra flo鄄
rem pistilatum 3鄄bracteolati, bracteolis linearibus
0. 5 - 0. 8 mm longis prope apicem longe ciliatis.
Achenia albido鄄 viridula, anguste ovoidea, 1 伊 0. 2
mm, longitudinaliter 6鄄costata; tepala persistentia
3, subrectangularia, ca. 0. 15 mm longa, 0. 2 mm
lata, glabra.
Pistillate capitula singularly or in pairs axillary,
sessile; receptacle broadly rectangular, ca. 8 mm
long, 5 mm broad, or suborbicular, 4-5 mm in di鄄
am., glabrous; bracts ca. 25, narrowly triangular, 1. 2
-1. 5 mm 伊 0. 3-0. 5 mm, shortly or thickly ciliolate;
bracteoles numerous, dense, membranous, semi鄄hya鄄
line, whitish, linear, 1-1. 5 mm long, near apex long
ciliate; numerous branchlets among bracteoles growing
on the receptacle, strongly flattened, semi鄄hyaline,
whitish, broadly oblong, ca. 0. 7 mm long, 0. 25 mm
broad, glabrous, with a terminal pistillate flower,
and below flower with three small bracteoles 0. 5-
0. 8 mm long and near apex long ciliate. Achenes
white鄄greenish, narrowly ovoid, 1 伊 0. 4 mm, longi鄄
tudinally 6鄄ribbed; persistent tepals 3, subrectangu鄄
lar, ca. 0. 15 mm long, 0. 2 mm broad, glabrous.
Voucher specimens: Yunnan: Hekou county,
Nanxi village, Sanchahe, 103毅 59忆26义 E 22毅 41忆4义
N, alt. 388 m, 1 Aug. 2010, Zeng鄄Yuan Wu 10184
(KUN, PE).
Acknowledgement: We are indebted to Prof. Wen鄄Tsai
Wang for his kind help for Latin descriptions, references and
some constructive suggestions on the manuscript. We are
grateful to Ying鄄Bao Sun for making the botanical drawings.
We also thank Jie Liu and Ram C. Poudel for their sugges鄄
tions during preparing manuscript. The Chinese National Her鄄
barium of Institute of Botany ( PE) and the Herbarium of
Kunming Institute of Botany (KUN) provide help for chec鄄
king specimens.
References:
Lin Q, Friis I, Wilmot鄄Dear CM, 2003. Elatostema [A]. In: Wu
ZY, Raven PH, eds. Flora of China [ M]. Beijing: Science
Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 5: 127—163
Wang WT (王文采), 1995. Elatostema [A]. In: Flora Reipublicae
Popularis Sinicae (中国植物志) [ M]. Beijing: Science
Press, 23 (2): 187—317
Wang WT (王文采), 2009. On some botanic terms III [J]. Guihaia
(广西植物), 29: 1—6
Wang WT (王文采), 2010. Morphology of the bracts of Elatostema
(Urticaceae) and the evolutionary trends in them [J] . Guihaia
(广西植物), 30: 571—583
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