Abstract:The results show: (1)peony rhizome contains smaller amounts of paeonidin,paeonol and benzoic acid, being the part of lower medicinal efficacy (2)the main components in Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Radix Paeoniae Alba are basically similar,but greatly different in amount,and therefore,the two drugs should be used discriminatingly (3)unboiled Radix Paeoniae Alba with its bark peeled directly possesses the best of medicinal value.