全 文 ：第 !" 卷 第 # 期
$ % & % 年 # 月
林 业 科 学
’()*+,)- ’)./-* ’)+)(-*
/012!"!+02#
-345!$ % & %
松脂中树脂酸的酸异构分离与枞酸分子结构
刘红军&6张6猛&!$6周永红&!$
"&2中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所6国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室6南京 $&%%!$#
$2江苏强林生物能源有限公司6溧阳 $&77"!$
摘6要!6松脂中枞酸型树脂酸在酸的作用下经过异构反应%结晶分离得到 AA2&9o高纯度" C$ C"!>!&%>!A’!
9>$ C8!&7 C二烯 C&# C枞酸!得率 8!2$o& 通过 <’!&@+<>!&7 (+<>!)>光谱分析和单晶 nC光衍射研究确证
其化合物分子结构!其单晶 nC光衍射测试数据与湿地松松香和马尾松松香直接经过重结晶分离得到枞酸样品的
结果一致!都为单斜晶系!M$&空间群!分子绝对构型和天然枞酸构型一样& 在枞酸晶体结构中 $ 个枞酸分子的羧基
生成氢键连接是得到高纯度结晶的主要原因&
关键词’6枞酸# 异构化反应# 单晶 nC光衍射# 结构# 松脂
中图分类号! ’8#A2$& ,O79&2!8 :&666文献标识码!-666文章编号!&%%& C8!##"$%&%#%# C%&!% C%9
>LTLHWLS SFQL’ $%%# C%# C$8# >LWHPLS SFQL’ $%%A C%& C&%5
J03GSFQH0G ?R0lLTQ’ ’3??0RQLS IXGFQH0GF1PH4GHVHTFGQHGS3PQRXFGS QLTKG0104XP?LTHF1?R0lLTQP" KH4KjQLTK SLWL10?ULGQFGS RLV0RU T0UUHPPH0G
1$%%#2 +05$!!&$ ! QKL?RLPHSLGQ0V(KHGLPL-TFSLUX0VJ0RLPQRXV03GSFQH0G "(-J^ DD$%%#%%A$ ! QKLA!# ?R04RFU0VQKL’QFQLJ0RLPQRX-SUHGHPQRFQH0G
"$%%A C! C99$5
59*58*&0*959*.H3 @0G4l3G&6 mKFG4"&2N+.#$K _2+$ O#@!)$ ()*+,-J6+3&9#AL$’&$++*&$’! M(56Q$,-&-7-+)4J6+3&9#AQ$K7,-*.)4()*+,-8*)K79-,! J5(6"#$%&$’ $&%%!$#
$2V&#$’,7 T&#$’A&$ =&)3#,,L$+*’.J)!!O-K!6O&.#$’ $&77"!$
58)0%-90’6,KL"j$j"!>!&%>!A’!9>$j8!&7jFIHLQFSHLGj&#j0HTFTHS YHQK AA2&9o KH4K ?3RHQXYFP?RL?FRLS HG 8!2$o
XHL1S IXFHP0ULRH[FQH0G! TRXPQF1H[FQH0G PL?FRFQH0G ULQK0S YHQK QKLFTHS FPTFQF1XPQ5)QPPQR3TQ3RLYFPSLQLRUHGLS IX<’!
&@+<>! &7(+<>! )>P?LTQRF1ULQK0SPFGS PHG41LjTRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G FGF1XPHP5,KLSFQF0VFIHLQHTFTHS IXPHG41Lj
TRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G FGF1XPHPYFPHG FTT0RSFGTLYHQK QKFQKFWHG40IQFHGLS VR0U 8&$7,+A&)-&R0PHG FGS 8&$7,
3#,,)$&#$# R0PHG SHRLTQ1X5(RXPQF1PFRLU0G0T1HGHT! P?FTL4R03? M$& FGS QKLHRFIP013QLT0GVH43FQH0G VR0URLFRRFG4LULGQFRL
QKLPFULFPGFQ3RF1FIHLQHTFTHS5)G QKLTRXPQF1PQR3TQ3RL0VFIHLQHTFTHS! QKLTFRI0gX1P0VQY0FIHLQHTFTHS U01LT31LP
4LGLRFQLS KXSR04LG I0GSP! YKHTK HPQKLUFHG RLFP0G V0RKH4K ?3RHQXTRXPQF15
:&4 ;"%<)’6FIHLQHTFTHS# HP0ULRH[FQH0G# PHG41LjTRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G# PQR3TQ3RL# ?HGL43U
6 6 -IHLQHT FTHS HP F 1LW0jTKHRF1! QKRLL RHG4P
SHQLR?LG0HS T0U?03GS! YKHTK GFQ3RF1XLgHPQPHG QKL
?1FGQ5)QKFPIH0104HTF1FTQHWHQX! V03RTKHRF1TFRI0GP
FGS T0Gl34FQLS S03I1LI0GSPHG HQPPQR3TQ3RL5’0HQTFG
IL3PLS FPTKHRF1ULSHTHGL! PXGQKLPH[LS ?RLT3RP0R
T0U?03GS"d\FSF+-#A!&AA!# k13P3 +-#A!$%%$ $5
-I03Q9%o 0VRLPHG FTHSP0V(KHGLPL8&$7,3#,,)$&#$#
HPFIHLQHTFTHS5*P?LTHF1X! QKLFIHLQHTQX?LRLPHG FTHS
YHQK T0Gl34FQLS S03I1LI0GSPYH1ILF?QQ0HP0ULRXQ0
FIHLQHTFTHS IXKLFQ0RFTHS5
MRLPLGQ1X! QKL ?R0S3TQH0G 0V (KHGLPL 8&$7,
3#,,)$&#$# R0PHG FQFHGP"%% %%% Q*FC&! P0FIHLQHT
FTHS YH1 ILT0ULFG HU?0RQFGQIH0UFPPRLP03RTLHG
SLWL10?HG4GLY TKHRF1SR34" (K3FG4+-#A!$%%!#
’K31UFG!&A8"# .L4R03XL1LT!&A#9# 0^\04FYF+-#A!
&AA%F# &AA%I# JLRGFGSL[ +- #A! $%%& $5 ,KL
?RL?FRFQH0G 0VFIHLQHTFTHS HG LFR1HLR?LRH0S HPQKFQ
FIHLQHTQX?LRLPHG FTHS YFPRLFRRFG4LS YHQK @(10R
41FTHF1FTLQHTFTHS FGS QKLG TRXPQF1H[LS YHQK 3PLS
P0SH3U0RFUHGLPF1Q" ’QLL1L!&A$$# NHG +-#A!$%%%#
@FRRHP+-#A!&A!## =FG4+-#A!$%%%# @FG +-#A!
$%%8# mK03 +-#A!&AA%$5DLTF3PLQKLPLULQK0SPFRL
?013QH0GF1FGS 3GLT0G0UHTF1V0RLGWHR0GULGQ! QKLRLHP
G0HGS3PQRHF1H[FQH0G ULRTKFGSHPL# HQSHRLTQ1XFVLTQLS
6第 # 期 刘红军等’ 松脂中树脂酸的酸异构分离与枞酸分子结构
QKLF??1HTFQH0G HG QKLULSHTHGLVHL1S5<0RL0WLR! ?L0?1L
PQ3SHLS QKLPQR3TQ3RL0VFIHLQHTFTHS QKR034K HP0ULRX
RLFRRFG4LULGQRLFTQH0G 1LPP! FGS LP?LTHF1X! QKLSFQF
0V<’! &@+<>! &7(+<>! )>0VFIHLQHTFTHS YHQK KH4K
?3RHQXKFPG0QF??LFRLS HG ?F?LRP5,KLPQR3TQ3RL0VQHQ1L
T0U?03GS YFPSLQLRUHGLS IXP?LTQRF1PFGS PHG41Lj
TRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G FGF1XPHP5,KHPRLPLFRTK YH1IL
FIRHS4LV0RQKLF??1HTFQH0G 0VFIHLQHTFTHS5
=?,J$&%*#&(0
=>=?Z-0&%*-.-(<*()0%/#&(0
8&$7,3#,,)$&#$# R0PHG YFP\HGS1XP3??1HLS IX
=3[K03 THQX0V;3FG4gHMR0WHGTL " (KHGF$! VHRPQ
4RFSL# 0QKLR1FI0RFQ0RXRLF4LGQPYLRL ?R0WHSLS IX
WFRH03P UFG3VFTQ3RLRP HG (KHGF5 >^,j7# @M.(’ ’@)<-Emk.(j$%-D# )>’ +HT01LQ
99%"-ULRHTFG$# <’’ =FQLRP,dJ# +<>’
D>kZ*>E>c9%%2
=>@?5(-.40*9-.#&0’"<)
=>@>=?7/%*04 -(-.4)*)"1-8*&0*9-9*G0RUF1H[FQH0G ULQK0S $ " @R0I0G0WF+-#A5! $%%9 $’
(013UG U0SL1dE’j(j&#! " UUc&9% UU# T013UG
QLU?LRFQ3RL!% b# U0IH1L?KFPLULQKX1F1T0K01# QKL
V10YWL10THQX& U.*UHG C&# 31QRFWH01LQSLQLTQ0RFGS k/
!UFg’ $!& GU5
=>@>@ 3BIH)$&90%-?)GVRFRLS P?LTQR3UYFPRLT0RSLS
FP ZDR ?L1LQP 0G +HT01LQ 99%
P?LTQR0?0Q0ULQLR5,X?HTF1X&%% PTFGPYHQKHG QKLRFG4L
0V! %%% _!%% TUC&YLRLS0GLV0RLFTK PFU?1LYHQK QKL
RLP013QH0G 0V$ TUC&FGS P3UULS 3? Q04LQQKLP?LTQRF5
=>@>A ? B’& )*(6.&E9%4)0-. bE%-4 <*11%-90*"(
-(-.4)*)? )GPQR3ULGQU0SL1G3UILRDR3\LR’UFRQ
-?Lg))((E! QKLPFU?1LQLPQLS YFPTK00PLG VR0UQKL
RLTRXPQF1FIHLQHTFTHS5
=>@>K TZH )$&90%-?+<>P?LTQRFYLRLULFP3RLS
3PHG4 E<’d FP P01WLGQFGS QLQRFULQKX1PH1FGL FP
HGQLRGF1PQFGSFRS5
=>A?24(0’&)*)"1-8*&0*9-9*<"V*/+5)(1!@]]G$
&%% 4R0PHG "8&$7,3#,,)$&#$#$! $%% U.41FTHF1
FTLQHTFTHS YLRL?3QHGQ0F9%% U.QKRLLjGLT\LS V1FP\!
KLFQLS Q08% b HG QKLYFQLRIFQK5 ,KLG 7% 4
UFTR0?0RLPQR0G4FTHSHQX! TFQH0G LgTKFG4LRLPHG YLRL
HGQR0S3TLS HG 3GQH1R0PHG YFPSHPP01WLS YHQK PQHRHG45
-VQLRPQHRHG4V03RK03RPFQ8% b! QKLUHgQ3RLYFP
VH1QLRLS FGS T001LS Q0R00U QLU?LRFQ3RL0WLRGH4KQQ0
0IQFHG #"28 4TR3SLFIHLQHTFTHS TRXPQF1! YKHTK YFP
RLTRXPQF1H[LS QKRLLQHULPVR0UF]3L03PLQKFG01IXP10Y
LWF?0RFQH0G58!2$ 4T010R1LPPU0G0T1HGHT?RHUTRXPQF1P
YLRL0IQFHGLS FVQLRSRXHG4FQ9% b FGS ?RLPP3RL0V$%
\MFV0R$ K5ULQK0S$! 1*2 E$% e C&%8 ‘" (e9 *Qd@$! EFQF
YLRLT01LTQLS FQR00UQLU?LRFQ3RL1$$ b25
@?H&)/.0-(<<*)9/))*"(
@>=?L7V!
@M.(FGF1XPHPYLRLHP01FQLS VR0UFQ0QF10VGHGL
?LF\P! QKLUFHG ?LF\ RLQLGQH0G QHUL0V!2!#$ UHG HP
QKFQFIHLQHTFTHS T0GQLGQ0VAA2&9o5,KL0QKLRLH4KQ
T0U?0GLGQ?LF\PV0RQKLQRFTLPK0YG HG JH45&2
JH45&6@M.(0VFIHLQHTFTHS
66IH":Y%$ -!TUC&’7 !$82& "U!-d@+(dd@$#
7 $%% _$ "%% "P! -d@! -(dd@$# $ A792&! $ #""2!!
9782$"P!-(@$# & "A$2&"P!-(ed!-(e($# & !"#2""P!
-d@!-TeT$!& 7A929 "P! -(@$ $# & $#&28 "P! -(Cd$#
A9"28"U!-(@$5
=LTZH"UZ2‘!O]] ZL[$!&’%28"# #7 " ’!
&!&
林 业 科 学 !" 卷6
7@!+(@7 $# %2A88 "8 _%2A#& "& " ’!7@!+(@7 $#
%2AA& 7" _&2%&! 99 " ’!7@!+(@7 $# &2&8A "A _
&2&7$ 99 " ’! 7@!+(@7 $# &$2&%% %% " U! &@!
+(dd@$# 927!A $& "P!&@ 0! (@$# 9287& !7 "P!
&@0! (@$# $2$79 &A _$2&#& #! "U! &@!(@$#
&28%9 7# _&2"9" 7$"U!&@!(@$# &298! $%"U!&@!
(@$# $2%A" $A _$2%$8 "& "U!$@!+(@$ $# $2%%%
7$ _&2A7! 7#"U!$@!+(@$$# &2#9% #A _&28A# $#
"U! $@!+(@$ $# &28"# &7 _&28$& &$ "U! $@!
+(@$$# &29!7 8A _&29$! A9 "U! $@!+(@$ $#
&2&$& $8 _&2%"& %!"U!$@!+(@$$5
=A!TZH " UZ2‘! O]] ZL[$! &’ &728#&
"&(&A $! &"2#9" "&($% $! &82#$% "&(7 $! $%28%A
"&(&" $! $&2$A" "&(&8 $! $$2%87 "&($ $! $92$%9
"&(& $! $"2A97 "&(&& $! 7!2%77 "&(9 $! 7!27!$
"&(! $! 7"2A$% "&(" $! 7#2%77 "&(&$ $! !!29A%
"&(A$! !927!& "&(&% $! 9%29"% "&(&9 $! &$%2!A"
"&(8$! &$$29%9 "&(&! $! &7!2A7! "&(# $!&!!2&79
"&(&7$!&8A2$AA"&(&#$5
Z2",I!_] &Q$!3CW"o$’7%$2%"#72!8$ "<+
"<+(@ " (@7 $ $ $# $!&2% " 8&29" $ " <+(@7!
+(dd@$# \% " $"2A& $ " <+(@7!+(dd@!
+(@7!+(@"(@7 $ $ $# &%92% " #$2%% $ "(#@&& $#
A&2%"&%%2%%$"(8@#$5
@>@ 2*(6-.E9%4)0-.bE%-4 <*11%-90*"(-(-.4)*)
,KLTRXPQF1FGS U01LT31FRPQR3TQ3RL0VQKLFIHLQHT
FTHS KFWLSLQLRUHGLS IXPHG4F1jTRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G
FGF1XPHP’ ,KLU01LT31FRV0RU31F($% @7% d$! B e
7%$2!!! (RXPQF1PFRLU0G0T1HGHT"HG JH45$ $# P?FTL
4R03? M$& "HG JH457 $5 # e&&2899 8 " &! $! @e
&&2A%A 8"&!$! 9e&!2&%& $ "&8$ ! # e&&$2%88
"$$‘! 1ge&2%A# 4*TU
C7! ‘e!2
JH45$ FGS 7 PK0YQKLU01LT31FRPQR3TQ3RLFGS
?LRP?LTQHWLWHLY0VQKLTRXPQF1?FT\HG4HG QKL3GHQTL1
0VQKLQHQ1LT0U?03GS! RLP?LTQHWL1X5,KLPL1LTQLS I0GS
1LG4QKP! I0GS FG41LPFGS KXSR04LGjI0GSHG44L0ULQRX
FRL1HPQLS HG ,FI5& FGS $! RLP?LTQHWL1X5)G QKLQHQ1L
T0U?03GS! QKLI0GS 1LG4QKPFGS I0GS FG41LPFRLF1
G0RUF1! FGS QK0PLHG QKLKXSR0?KLGFGQKRLGLRHG4FRL
F1P0HG 400S F4RLLULGQYHQK QKL WF13LPRL?0RQLS
?RLWH03P1X5-PPK0YG HG JH457! QKL?FT\HG4PQR3TQ3RL
0VQKL QHQ1L T0U?03GS PK0YP F QKRLLjSHULGPH0GF1
P3?RFU01LT31FR GLQY0R\ V0RULS WHF HGQLRU01LT31FR
d+@3dKXSR04LG I0GSPFGS YLF\ ,j, PQFT\HG4
HGQLRFTQH0GP5,0RPH0G FG41LPPK0YQKFQRHG4"(" 9 $!
(""$!("&&$ _("&!$$ FGS RHG4"(""$ _("&&$$
LgKHIHQ TKFHR FGS KF1VjTKFHR T0GVH43RFQH0GP!
RLP?LTQHWL1X5,KLTFRI0gX4R03? HPSHRLTQ1XFQFTKLS Q0
QKLTKHRF1FQ0U 0VKXSR0?KLGFGQKRLGLPQR3TQ3RLYHQK
QRFGPT0GVH43RFQH0G5,Y0ULQKX14R03?P"(" &A $ FGS
("$%$$ FRLSHP0RSLRLS HG QKLPQR3TQ3RL5,KLQHQ1L
T0U?03GS KFPV03RTKHRF1TLGQLRP5,KLd>,*MSHF4RFU
RLWLF1PQKL>+! >+! ’+ FGS >+ FIP013QLPQLRL0j
T0GVH43RFQH0GPV0R("&$! ("9$! (""$ FGS ("&!$HG
Q3RG5,KLI0GS 1LG4QKP0V("A$j("&%$FGS ("&&$j(
"&$$ FRL&277A " 9 $ FGS &27!8 " 9 $ ! RLP?LTQHWL1X!
YKHTK FRLHGSHTFQHWL0VS03I1LI0GS5
JH45$6,KLFPXUULQRHT3GHQL1H?P0HS SHF4RFU0VQKL0IlLTQ
T0U?03GS "?R0IFIH1HQX7%o 0VL1H?P0HS$
JH4576/HLY0VQKLTRXPQF1?FT\HG4S0YG QKL9
FgHPV0RQKLQHQ1LT0U?03GS
@>A?58*&0*9-9*<*)"#&%*[-0*"($%"9&))"d*(N&.+5
)(1!=\G\$
)G QKHPRLPLFRTK! QKLHP0ULRXRLFTQH0G 0VFIHLQHT
QX?LRLPHG FTHSPHG R0PHG YFPTFQF1X[LS IXTFQH0G
LgTKFG4L RLPHG 0VUFTR0?0RL PQR0G4 FTHSHQX5 ,KL
RLFTQH0G YFPPK0YG HG JH45!2JHRPQ1LW0j?HUFRHTFTHS!
$!&
6第 # 期 刘红军等’ 松脂中树脂酸的酸异构分离与枞酸分子结构
FIHLQHTFTHS FGS ?F13PQRHTFTHS HG QKL?RLPLGTL0V@:
V0RULS QKLHR0YG RL1FQHWL1XPQFI1LF1X1jQX?LTFRI0G
TFQH0G! QKLG RLFRRFG4LS Q092,KLKXSR04LG HPFSlFTLGQ
Q0QKLDRHG40V9 Q01LFWLFPFV0RU0V@:?R0Q0G! QKL
RLUFHGHG4L1LTQR0G SL10TF1H[FQH0G FRL0TT3?HLS IXQY0M
QRFT\P0VFSlFTLGQTFRI0GPQ0V0RU,I0GS5’0! FIHLQHT
FTHS YFP0IQFHGLS5
B-8C=?2&.&90&<8"(<<*)0-(9&)"e# -(<8"(<-(6.&)"f# !
EHPQFGTL EHPQFGTL EHPQFGTL
d"$$j("&"$ &2$!A"7$ d"7$j("7"$ &2$$$"!$ ("A$j("&#$ &29!&"9$
d"&$j("&"$ &2$9&"!$ d"7$j("7"$ &2$8&"!$ ("$A$j("7#$ &298""9$
("&$j("&"$ &29$9"!$ ("$&$j("7"$ &29$8"!$
-G41L -G41L -G41L
d"$$j("&"$jd"&$ &$&27"7$ ("&%$j("A$j("#$ &&A2A"7$ ("7"$j("$&$j("$$$ &%!2&"7$
d"$$j("&"$j("&$ &&A2&"7$ ("A$j("&%$j("&&$ &$927"7$ ("7"$j("$&$j("79$ &%#2A"7$
d"&$j("&"$j("&$ &&A2""7$ ("#$j("A$j("&#$ &&A28"7$ ("$A$j("7%$j("7&$ &$"29"7$
("&"$j("&$j("$$ &%#2&"$$ ("&%$j("A$j("&#$ &$%2!"7$ ("$A$j("$#$j("$8$ &&&2&"7$
("&"$j("&$j("&9$ &%A29"$$ ("7"$j("$&$j("7!$ &%#29"7$ ("7%$j("$A$j("$#$ &A"7$
("$$j("&$j("&9$ &&%2!"7$ d"7$j("7"$jd"!$ &$&2!"7$ ("7%$j("$A$j("7#$ &$A29"7$
("&"$j("&$j("&!$ &%92&"7$ d"7$j("7"$j("$&$ &$$2$"7$ ("$#$j("$A$j("7#$ &&%2A"7$
("A$j("#$j("8$ &&%28"7$ d"!$j("7"$j("$&$ &&"27"7$
66"’XUULQRXQRFGPV0RUFQH0G’ CB-8C@?L4<%"6&(8"(<.&(60’)"e# -(<8"(<-(6.&)"f#
Ej@3- S"Ej@$ S"@3-$ S"E3-$ 1E@-
d"!$j@"&$jd"&$ %2##"!$ &289"!$ $2"$""7$ &89"7$
d"$$j@"!$jd"7$ %2A$"!$ &28$"!$ $2"$""7$ &"#"!$
66
JH45!6>LPHG HG QKLRLPHG FTHS T0U?0PHQH0G 0VQKLRLPHG
FTHSPFIHLQHTFTHS KLQLR04LGL03PRLFTQH0G ULTKFGHPU
&2+L0FIHLQHTFTHS# $2.LW0?HUFRHTFTHS# 72MF13PQRHTFTHS#
!!92(FRI0TFQH0G HGQLRULSHFQL# "2-IHLQHTFTHS5
@>K?2&$-%-0*"("1-8*&0*9-9*<9%4)0-.)
)G QKL TRXPQF1PQR3TQ3RL 0VFIHLQHT FTHS! HQ
4LGLRFQLS QY0KXSR04LG I0GSPT0GGLTQH0G! YKHTK HPQKL
UFHG RLFP0G V0RKH4Kj?3RHQXTRXPQF15,KL?01FRHQX0V
KXSR04LG I0GSPILQYLLG U01LT31LP1LS Q01FR4LRFVHGHQX
LGKFGTLS! Q0UF\LU01LT31LP, 10G4jRFG4LFGS PK0RQj
RFG4L0RHLGQFQH0G 0VFG HGTRLFPL0VHU?LQ3P5’0! QKL
FIHLQHTFTHS TRXPQF1H[LS VFPQLR5
@XSR04LG I0GSPYLRL?RLPLGQLS ILQYLLG TFRI0gX1P
0VFIHLQHTFTHS U01LT31LPHG TRXPQF1TL1P! YKHTK V0RULS
VFRFGS GLFRRFG4L 0RSLRTRXPQF11FQHTL5 ’0 QKL
RLTRXPQF1H[FQH0G 0VFIHLQHTFTHS SHS G0QIRLF\ QKHP
1FQHTL5kGSLRQKLUFPPQRFGPVLRV0RTL! HQPL?FRFQLS
VR0UQKLP3RVFTL0VUFTR0?0RLPQR0G4FTHSHQX! TFQH0G
LgTKFG4LRLPHG! YKLG QKLT0GTLGQRFQH0G 0VFIHLQHTFTHS
RLFTKLS TLRQFHG SL4RLL5
A?!"(9./)*"()
,KL "j$j"!>!&%>!A’!9>$j8! & 7jFIHLQFSHLGj
&#j0HTFTHS YHQK AA2&9o KH4K ?3RHQXYFP4FHGLS HG
8!2$o XHL1S FVQLR3PHG4 QKL R0PHG FTHS HP0ULRP!
HP01FQLS IXRLTRXPQF1H[FQH0G5)QPU01LT31FRT0GVH43RFQH0G
YFPSLQLRUHGLS IXPHG41LTRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G5
@XSR04LG I0GSPYLRL?RLPLGQLS ILQYLLG TFRI0gX1P0V
FIHLQHTFTHS U01LT31LPHG TRXPQF1TL1P! YKHTK V0RULS
VFRFGS GLFRRFG4L0RSLRTRXPQF11FQHTL5,KL?01FRHQX0V
KXSR04LG I0GSPILQYLLG U01LT31LP1LS Q01FR4LRFVHGHQX
LGKFGTLS! Q0UF\LU01LT31LP, 10G4jRFG4LFGS PK0RQj
RFG4L0RHLGQFQH0G 0VFG HGTRLFPL0VHU?LQ3P5,KLRLP31Q
HPQKFQFIHLQHT FTHS TRXPQF1H[FQH0G TFG IL LFPH1X
4LGLRFQLS5
59N(";.&<6#&(0
,KLPHG41LjTRXPQF1njRFXSHVRFTQH0G FGF1XPHP0V
"j$j"!>!&%>!A’!9>$j8! &7jFIHLQFSHLGj&#j0HTFTHS
YFPSLQLUHGFQLS FGS TF1T31FQLS IX?R0VLPP0R.H^ H[KH!
T0RSHGFQH0G TKLUHPQRXPQFQL\LX1FI0RFQ0RX0V+FGlHG4
7!&
林 业 科 学 !" 卷6
kGHWLRPHQX5)QHP4RLFQQKFG\V31V0RKHPY0R\PFGS
KL1?V31SHPT3PPH0GP5
H&1&%&(9&
(K3FG4@’! .HG (@5$%%!2kPL0VFIHLQHTFTHS 0RSLRHWFQHWLQKLRL0VV0R
U0S31FQH0G ?LRULFIH1HQX0V?1FPUFULUIRFGL5k’!8%&9$!#2
JLRGFGSL[< -! ,0RG0P< M! ;FRTHF< E5$%%&2-GQHjHGV1FUUFQ0RX
FTQHWHQX0VFIHLQHTFTHS! FSHQLR?LGLHP01FQLS VR0U8&3+$-# *#9+3),#
WFR5’*&,,+#5N03RGF10VMKFRUFTXFGS MKFRUFT0104X! 97 ""$ ’ #"8
C#8$2
@FG (K3GR3H"韩春蕊$ ! ’0G4mKFG]HFG"宋湛谦$ !’KFG4’KHIHG"商士
斌$5$%%82-GLYULQK0S 0V?3RHVXHG4FIHLQHTFTHS5(KLUHPQRXFGS
)GS3PQRX0VJ0RPQRXMR0S3TQP"林产化学与工业$ ! #"!$ ’!$ C!"2
@FRRHP;(!’FGSLRP0G ,J5&A!#2>LPHG FTHSP)5-G HU?R0WLS ULQK0S 0V
ULQK0S 0VHP01FQH0G 0VRLPHG FTHSP’ QKLHP01FQH0G 0VFGLYFIHLQHTjQX?L
FTHS!GL0FIHLQHTFTHS5N03RGF1-ULRHTFG (KLUHTF1’0THLQX! 8%’ 77!
C77A2
@R0I0G0WFZ! 1LK0QFXN! ’\FTFGH)5$%%92@M.(SLQLRUH3FQH0G FGS <’
HSLGQHVHTFQH0G 0VSLKXSR0FIHLQHTFTHS FGS FIHLQHTFTHS HG ?R0?01HP5
N03RGF10V.H]3HS (KR0UFQ04RF?KXr>L1FQLS ,LTKG0104HLP! $#’&8$9
C&8792
NHG mRLT04GHQH0G’ TRXPQF1PQR3TQ3RL0VQKLT0U?1Lg0VGL0FIHLQHTFTHS YHQK
$jFUHG0j"2"7$ ’ &A9 C&A#5
.L4R03XL1LT-5&A#92kPL0VFIHLQHTFTHS FPFVH1UjV0RUHG4?R0S3TQQ0IL
3PLS 0G Y03GSPFGS I3RGP5J>#!%%"&&-5
.H3 @0G4l3G"刘红军$ ! mK03 0^G4K0G4"周永红$5$%%#2-?RL?FRFQH0G
ULQK0S 0VFIHLQHTFTHS5(+!&%&$&AA!A-5
d\FSFZ! ,F\L\3UF’5&AA!2 (RXPQF1PQR3TQ3RLFGS T0GV0RUFQH0GF1
FGF1XPHP0V8! &7jFIHLQFSHLGj&# 0HTFTHS5D31 (KLU ’0TN?G!
"8"7$ ’ #%8 C#&92
’K31UFG <5&A8"2?RL?FRFQH0GP5k’ 7A!7$!#2
’QLL1L.5&A$$2-IHLQHTFTHS FGS TLRQFHG ULQF1FIHLQFQLP5N-U(KLU
’0T!!!’ &777 C&77#5
k13P3 + +! *RTH1E! ’F\FR< Z! +-#A!$%%$2-IHLQHTFTHS HGKHQHP
1H?0gX4LGFPLFTQHWHQRX5MKXQ0QKLR>LP! &"’## CA%2
=FG4=LGl3G "王文军 $ !EFHOHFGK3FG "戴乾圜 $5$%%%2*gQRFTQ!
?3RHVHTFQH0G FGS PQR3TQ3RLHSLGQHVHTFQH0G 0V8! &7j-IHLQFSHLGj&#j0HT5
N03RGF1)GS3PQRXkGHWLRPHQX0VDLHlHG4"北京工业大学学报 $ !
$""!$ ’88 C8A2
0^\04FYF !^ ,P3QP3UH 5^ &AA%F5 (0U?0PHQH0G V0R0RF1TFWHQX5
NM%$&7#&&"2
0^\04FYF !^ ,P3QP3UH 5^ &AA%I5 ’\HG SR34 V0RLgQLRGF13PL5
NM%$&##9&72
mHG1L1E J! >3PL1 N5&A#A5+FWF1PQ0RLP?R0S3TQH0G5(KLUHPQRX*
kQH1H[FQH0G! +^ ’M31? (KLUHTF1-PP0THFQH0G!$#A5
!责任编辑6石红青"
!!&