Species composition and community structure of  a spruce-fir forest and a larch forest  on the northern slope of Changbai Mountains, Northeast China. Effects of Selective Cutting on Stand Growth and Structure for Natural Mixed Spruce (Picea koraiensis )-Fir (Abies nephrolepis) Forests Matrix Growth Model and Harvest Scenario Simulation for Multiple Uses of Larch-Spruce-Fir Forests Species Diversity In the Subalpine Spruce-fir Forest Communities on the North Slope of Mt. Changbai EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CUTTING METHODS ON REGENERATION AND HABITAT FOR SPRUCE FIR FORESTS The influence of typhoon Bolaven to semi-natural larch-spruce-fir forests in northeast China Seasonality and Spatial Pattern of Leaf Area Index of a Spruce-Fir Forest at the Valley in Xiaoxing’an Mountains Spatial heterogeneity of leaf area index of mixed spruce-fir-deciduous stands in northeast China Growth and Mortality of Size-class Model for Spruce-Fir Mixed Forests in Over-cutting Forest Area of Changbai Mountains, Northeast China Spatial heterogeneity of natural regeneration in a spruce-fir mixed broadleaf-conifer forest in Changbai Mountains. Spatial distributions and associations of main tree species in a spruce-fir forest in the Changbai Mountains area in northeastern China Spatial distribution patterns of seedling and sapling in a spruce-fir forest in the Changbai Mountains area in northeastern China Dynamic Response to Selective Cutting Intensity on Tree Species Structure and Species Diversity in a Natural Spruce-Fir Forest Forest recovery state in wind disaster area of Changbai Mountains, Northeast China. Effects of Control Method on Spruce-fir Forest’Litter Decomposi tion and Soil Moisture Content in North Changbai Mountains Microclimate Variation of Forest Gaps and Uprooted Microsites in Windthrow Area of Spruce-fir Forest Analysis of Structure Characteristics of Main Tree Species in Spruce-Fir Overcutting Forest Effects of Thinning on Mixed Stands of Larix olgensis, Abies nephrolepis and Picea jazoensis Carbon density and production in  valley spruce-fir forest in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, China. Effects of Simulated Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Respiration in Spruce-fir-Korean Pine Forest of Xiaoxing’anling Mountains in China Estimation of seasonal changes in leaf area index based on optical methods in spruce-fir valley forest.